Abstract: As the commonly used long afterglow luminescent material matrix, Sr₂MgSi₂O₇ shows the stable performance and the superior acid and alkali resistance. The luminescence principle of long afterglow luminescence material was introduced in this paper, the preparation methods of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇ long afterglow luminescent materials were summarized, the rare earth doped Sr₂MgSi₂O₇ materials were reviewed, and the development of the materials were prospected. The preparation methods of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇ long afterglow luminescent materials include the high temperature solid state method, sol-gel method, chemical precipitation method, and chemical precipitation method, the most common method is the high temperature solid phase method. The long afterglow luminescent materials with different luminescence characteristics can be formed by doping rare earth ions. The rare earth doped Sr₂MgSi₂O₇ long afterglow luminescent materials for energy storage and energy conservation are present the broad development and application prospects.