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3D打印生物陶瓷人工骨支架的研究进展

Progress of 3D printing bioceramic on artificial bone scaffolds

  • 摘要: 生物陶瓷骨支架是继金属骨支架之后,较为理想的人工骨缺损修复材料。由于骨缺损形状各异,增材制造技术与生物陶瓷的结合,为骨支架的制备提供了个性化、定制化、成型复杂型体的可能。目前,陶瓷人工骨的增材制造技术展现出了巨大应用前景,但仍面临着力学强度不高、生物性功能单一的问题。为此,本文从提高骨支架的力学性能、拓展其生物性功能的角度出发,归纳分析了浆料/粉体体系、脱脂烧结工艺、材料复合、结构设计对支架力学性能的影响,从药物释放、治疗肿瘤两个方面总结了多生物功能支架的研究进展,并介绍了增材制造陶瓷骨支架在生物体内的研究现状。最后,对增材制造生物陶瓷人工骨的发展进行了展望。

     

    Abstract: Bioceramics are the ideal artificial materials of the bone scaffolds to repair the bone defects next to the traditional metal materials. The combination of additive manufacturing and bioceramics provides the enormous possibilities to achieve the customized and personalized scaffolds with more complex structures for the personalized therapy. Nowadays, the bioceramics scaffolds prepared by the additive manufacturing show the great prospects, but meet the problems of poor mechanical strength and single biofunction. To improve the mechanical properties and expand the biological functions of the bioceramics scaffolds, the influence of the slurry/powder system, debinding and sintering process, composite materials, and structure design on the mechanical properties of the bioceramics scaffolds was concluded and analyzed in this paper. The progress of the multifunctional bioceramics scaffolds was summarized from two aspects of drug release and cancer treatment. The research status of bioceramics scaffolds by additive manufacturing in vivo was also introduced. Finally, the development of bioceramics scaffolds by additive manufacturing was prospected

     

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