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摘要:
以碳化硼微球、304不锈钢粉末为原料，采用放电等离子烧结方法制得碳化硼质量分数为4.00%的碳化硼-不锈钢复合材料，利用排水法对复合材料的密度进行测试，使用扫描电镜对碳化硼与不锈钢的微观结构进行分析，研究了烧结温度与压力对复合密度与微观结构的影响。结果表明：界面反应层厚度随烧结温度的增加而增加，提高烧结压力能明显降低烧结温度，抑制碳化硼与不锈钢界面反应层的生长速度。当烧结压力达到150 MPa时，在950 ℃烧结保温6 min后的复合材料相对密度能达到99.5%，界面反应层厚度低于5 μm。
Abstract:The B4C-stainless steel composites with B4C mass fraction of 4.00% were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) method, using B4C microspheres and 304 stainless steel powders as the raw materials. The density of the composites was tested by the drainage method, the microstructures of B4C and stainless steels were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the effects of sintering temperature and pressure on the density and microstructure of the composites were investigated. The results show that, the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer increases with the increase of sintering temperature. Meanwhile, increasing the sintering pressure can significantly reduce the sintering temperature, which inhibits the growth of the interfacial reaction layer between B4C and stainless steels. When the pressure reaches 150 MPa, the relative density of the composites can reach 99.5% after sintering at 950 ℃ for 6 min, and the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer is less than 5 μm.
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Keywords:
- boron carbides /
- stainless steels /
- spark plasma sintering /
- composites
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图 1 碳化硼微球原材料扫描电镜图片
Figure 1. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the B4C microspheres
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图 3 烧结压力对碳化硼不锈钢复合材料密度与开口孔率的影响
Figure 3. Density and open porosity of the B4C-stainless steel composites as a function of the sintering pressure
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图 4 碳化硼不锈钢烧结收缩曲线：（a）30 MPa；（b）150 MPa
Figure 4. Shrinkage profile of the B4C-stainless steel composites during sintering: (a) 30 MPa; (b) 150 MPa
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图 5 烧结温度对碳化硼不锈钢复合材料密度与开口孔率的影响
Figure 5. Density and open porosity of the B4C-stainless steel composites as a function of the sintering temperature
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图 6 不同温度下烧结碳化硼不锈钢复合材料微观结构：（a）、（b）750 ℃；（c）、（d）800 ℃；（e）、（f）850 ℃；（g）、（h）900 ℃；（i）、（j）950 ℃
Figure 6. Microstructure of the B4C-stainless steel composites at different sintering temperatures: (a), (b) 750 ℃; (c), (d) 800 ℃; (e), (f) 850 ℃; (g), (h) 900 ℃; (i), (j) 950 ℃
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图 7 碳化硼不锈钢复合材料断口显微形貌
Figure 7. Fracture SEM images of the B4C-stainless steel composites
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