Abstract: Laser welding of diamond saw blades is a critical tool in modern cutting industries, and its safety is directly influenced by the choice of transition layer materials. This study aims to investigate the influence of different transition layers on the performance and structure of laser-welded diamond saw blades. Through experiments, three different transition layer formulations were used to prepare sintered substrates and their diamond saw blades, followed by performance testing and structural analysis. The results show that the selection of different metal-based transition layer materials plays a crucial role in the quality and performance of the welding joints. Fe-based sintered substrates exhibit a moderate pore density and mixed fracture characteristics. Co-based sintered substrates have higher hardness and flexural strength but contain a greater number of evenly distributed pores. Cu-based sintered substrates exhibit higher density, uniform microstructures, and fewer, denser pores, displaying typical ductile fracture characteristics. Among the transition layer options, Fe-based saw blades exhibit the best tooth strength and weld joint quality, followed by Co-based blades, while Cu-based transition layers offer a cost-effective advantage. This study provides essential insights for diamond saw blade manufacturing, with the potential to improve their performance, enhance industrial cutting efficiency, and reduce costs. Further research can explore additional transition layer formulations and optimization paths to meet the requirements of various application fields.