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NbMoTaNiCr难熔高熵合金线弧增材制造成形性研究

Formability of NbMoTaNiCr refractory high entropy alloys by wire arc additive manufacturing

  • 摘要: 在前期制备难熔高熵合金缆式丝材基础上设计和研制NbMoTaNiCr难熔高熵合金缆式焊丝,采用非熔化极气体保护焊接(tungsten inert gas welding,TIG)旋转线弧增材制造技术成形NbMoTaNiCr难熔高熵合金。对NbMoTaNiCr难熔高熵合金进行五因素五水平成形正交实验,研究电流、电极间距、送丝速度、堆积速度等工艺参数对高熵合金成形质量的影响。结果表明,电流和送丝速度对NbMoTaNiCr难熔高熵合金成形质量的影响最大,随电流、送丝速度和堆积速度的增大,焊道成形特性参数大体上呈现先增大后减小的趋势。根据正交实验,成形最优工艺参数组合为电流120 A、送丝速度8 mm·s−1、堆积速度120 mm·min−1、气体流量18 L·min−1、电极间距1 mm。NbMoTaNiCr难熔高熵合金主要由面心立方相和少量μ相组成,合金成形层表面平均硬度为HV 911,达到非晶硬度水平,屈服强度为545.5 MPa,断裂应变为5.5%,断裂机制为解理断裂。

     

    Abstract: Based on the previous preparation of the refractory high-entropy alloy cable-type wire materials, the NbMoTaNiCr refractory high-entropy alloy cable-type welding wires were designed and developed. The NbMoTaNiCr refractory high-entropy alloys were formed by tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) rotating wire arc additive manufacturing. The five-factor and five-level forming orthogonal experiments were conducted to study the influence of process parameters on the forming quality of the high-entropy alloys, such as current, electrode spacing, wire feeding speed, and stacking speed. The results show that the current and wire feeding speed have the greatest influence on the forming quality of NbMoTaNiCr refractory high-entropy alloys. With the increase of current, wire feeding speed, and stacking speed, the forming characteristic parameters of weld bead generally show the trend of first increasing and then decreasing. According to the orthogonal experiments, the optimal combination of forming process parameters is the current of 120 A, wire feeding speed of 8 mm·s−1, stacking speed of 120 mm·min−1, gas flow rate of 18 L·min−1, and electrode spacing of 1 mm. The NbMoTaNiCr refractory high-entropy alloys are mainly composed of the face-centered cubic phases and a small amount of μ phases. The average hardness of the alloy formed layer surface reaches HV 911, reaching the amorphous hardness level, the yield strength is 545.5 MPa, the fracture strain is 5.5%, and the fracture mechanism is the cleavage fracture.

     

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