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注射成形高强钛合金复杂零件的尺寸精度控制研究

Research on Dimensional Accuracy Control for Complex Components of High-Strength Titanium Alloy by Metal Injection Molding

  • 摘要: 本研究基于注射成形技术制备出高强钛合金小尺寸复杂形状铰链零件;采用光学影像测量仪和三维影像仪,测试了零件在不同工艺下的尺寸数据;分析了蜡基和塑基粘结剂体系、脱脂工艺、摆放方式和整形工艺对零件尺寸及形状的影响规律。结果表明:相对于蜡基粘结剂注射坯,塑基注射坯的强度高,在脱脂过程中不易变形,其烧结态零件的尺寸稳定性更高;在脱脂阶段,由于蜡基注射坯会产生“溶胀”现象,导致其尺寸精度较塑基注射坯更低;在烧结阶段,通过调整零件摆放方式以及承烧板粗糙度等辅助方法进一步控制坯体的变形和尺寸精度;最后,经烧结工装辅助支撑以及零件冷整形处理后,注射成形高强钛合金零件的尺寸精度可达到±0.1 %。

     

    Abstract: High-strength titanium alloy hinge components with complex geometries were fabricated using metal injection molding. The dimensional characteristics of these components were systematically evaluated under various processing conditions utilizing optical and three-dimensional imaging instruments. This study investigated the influence of degreasing methods, part orientation, molding techniques, and binder systems—specifically plastic-based and wax-based binders—on the dimensional accuracy and shape stability of the components. The results demonstrate that green parts produced with plastic-based binders exhibit higher mechanical strength, reduced deformation during the debinding process, and improved dimensional stability after sintering compared to those utilizing wax-based binders. In contrast, wax-based green parts showed significant dimensional deviations during debinding, primarily due to swelling phenomena. However, dimensional precision can be further enhanced by optimizing part orientation and adjusting the surface roughness of sintering plates. Ultimately, through the use of sintering fixtures and post-molding reshaping treatments, the dimensional accuracy of MIM-fabricated titanium alloy components can be controlled within ±0.1%.

     

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