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制粉与烧结工艺对Ag‒SnO2‒Y2O3电接触材料组织及性能影响

Effect of powdering and sintering process on microstructure and properties of Ag‒SnO2‒Y2O3 electrical contact materials

  • 摘要: 采用高能球磨法均匀混合Ag‒SnO2‒Y2O3复合粉末,并结合真空热压烧结法制备复合电接触材料,重点探讨了球磨工艺(球磨介质、转速、时间)及热压烧结温度(750~950 ℃)对材料微观结构与物理性能的影响。结果表明,无水乙醇作为球磨介质可防止粉末团聚,提高混粉均匀性;转速200 r/min、时间12 h可进一步细化颗粒,增强粉末分散性。烧结温度显著影响材料性能,其中850 ℃烧结时材料组织分布最均匀,增强相在Ag基体中形成稳定网状结构,提升界面结合能力。900 ℃烧结的材料在相对密度、硬度、相对电导率方面更优,但增强相的团聚现象加剧,影响性能稳定性。

     

    Abstract: The Ag‒SnO2‒Y2O3 composite powders were uniformly mixed via high-energy ball milling, and the corresponding advanced electrical contact materials were subsequently fabricated by vacuum hot-press sintering. The influences of milling parameters (milling medium, rotation speed, and duration) and sintering temperature (750~950  ℃) on the microstructure and physical properties of the electrical contact materials were systematically investigated. In the results, the anhydrous ethanol as ball milling medium can prevent powder agglomeration and improve the uniformity of powder mixing. The rotational speed of 200 r/min and milling time of 12 h can further refine the particles and enhance the powder dispersion. The sintering temperature can significantly affect the material properties. The microstructure of the samples sintered at 850 ℃ is the most uniform, and the reinforcing phase forms a stable network structure in the Ag matrix, enhancing the interfacial bonding ability. The samples sintered at 900 ℃ has the better relative density, hardness, and relative electrical conductivity, but the reinforcing phase agglomeration is serious, affecting the performance stability.

     

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