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304不锈钢表面激光熔覆Ni625/TC4涂层的微观组织与性能

Microstructure and properties of Ni625/TC4 coatings on 304 stainless steels by laser cladding

  • 摘要: 为了提高304不锈钢工件的耐腐蚀和耐磨损性能,以Ni625和TC4粉末为原料,采用激光熔覆技术在304不锈钢基体上制备了4种不同Ni625/TC4质量比(3:1、5:1、7:1、9:1)的金属涂层,利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪对涂层的显微组织形貌和物相组成进行表征,分别通过电化学测试和磨损实验研究了4种激光熔覆涂层的腐蚀行为和磨损行为。结果表明:4种激光熔覆涂层均由体心立方结构的Fe3Ni2和六方结构的TiFe2以及Ni3Ti组成,随着Ni625含量的增加,TiFe2与Ni3Ti相的含量逐渐减少。Ni625/TC4为3:1的涂层具有最佳耐磨性能,其磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损,随着Ni625含量的增加,涂层的磨损机制逐渐向氧化磨损转变。4种涂层在人工海水溶液中均表现出优异的钝化行为,随着Ni625含量的增加,涂层的钝化电流密度逐渐降低,其中Ni625/TC4为9:1的涂层具有最优的耐蚀性能。

     

    Abstract: To enhance the corrosion and wear resistance of the 304 stainless steel components, the metallic coatings with varying Ni625/TC4 mass ratios (3:1, 5:1, 7:1, and 9:1) were fabricated on 304 stainless steel substrate by laser cladding technology, using Ni625 and TC4 powders as raw materials. The microstructural morphology and phase composition of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion behavior and wear mechanisms were investigated through electrochemical testing and wear experiments, respectively. The results demonstrate that all four laser cladding coatings consist of body-centered cubic (BCC) Fe3Ni2, hexagonal-structured TiFe2, and Ni3Ti intermetallic phases. The contents of TiFe2 and Ni3Ti phases progressively decrease with Ni625 content increasing. The coatings with Ni625/TC4 ratio of 3:1 exhibit the optimal wear resistance, dominated by abrasive wear mechanisms. As the Ni625 content increases, the wear mechanism transitions to the oxidative wear. All coatings display the exceptional passivation behavior in artificial seawater solution, with the passivation current density progressively decreasing as the Ni625 content increases. The coatings with Ni625/TC4 ratio of 9:1 demonstrate the most superior corrosion resistance.

     

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