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2025年专刊:Cr对选区激光熔化铜镍合金的微观组织及耐蚀性能的影响

Effect of Cr on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Copper-Nickel Alloy fabricated by Selective Laser Melting

  • 摘要: 为提高铜合金的力学性能和耐蚀性能,采用激光选区熔化技术研究了不同Cr元素含量对CuNi30-xCr(x为质量比,x=0,1,2,3)铜镍合金的微观结构、力学性能及耐腐蚀性能的影响。研究表明:激光熔化过程中,少量Cr元素会固溶到α-Cu相中,并且更高含量Cr元素添加会促进富Cr相的析出;Cr元素的添加提高了合金的力学性能和耐蚀性,随着Cr含量的增加,合金显微硬度由126 HV0.2提升至157 HV0.2;当Cr含量为3wt%时,合金自腐蚀电位由-0.238 V(CuNi30)正移至-0.210 V(vs SCE),腐蚀电流密度从1.38×10?? A·cm-2降至7.72×10?? A·cm-2,降幅达44%;这是由于铬元素的固溶强化与富Cr第二相的形成抑制了基体阳极溶解倾向,进而提高了合金的耐腐蚀性。

     

    Abstract: To improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of copper alloys, the effects of different Cr element contents on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of CuNi30-xCr (x is mass ratio, x=0,1,2,3) copper-nickel alloys were studied using selective laser melting technology. The research shows that during the laser melting process, a small amount of Cr element will solidify into the α-Cu phase, and the addition of a higher content of Cr elements will promote the precipitation of Cr-rich phases; the addition of Cr elements improves the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloy, with the microhardness of the alloy increasing from 126 HV0.2 to 157 HV0.2 as the Cr content increases; when the Cr content is 3wt%, the corrosion potential of the alloy shifts positively from -0.238 V (CuNi30) to -0.210 V (vs SCE), and the corrosion current density decreases from 1.38×10?? A·cm-2 to 7.72×10?? A·cm-2, a reduction of 44%; this is due to the solid solution strengthening of the chromium element and the formation of Cr-rich second phases inhibiting the matrix anodic dissolution tendency, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the alloy.

     

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