Abstract: In this study, pure tungsten (PW), lanthanum tungsten alloy (W-La17) and ternary composite tungsten alloy (W-X17) rods were prepared through the processes of cold isostatic pressing, medium frequency sintering and rotary forging of powders, and the effects of different rare earth oxides ratios on the microstructures, the distribution of the second phase and the mechanical properties of the tungsten alloy rods were investigated, and the reinforcement and fracture toughness mechanisms were analyzed and discussed. The experimental results show that the addition of rare earth oxides can effectively refine the grain size of tungsten matrix, compared with the pure tungsten electrode, rare earth tungsten electrode sintering billet grain size grade increased by one grade, forging billet grain size grade increased by one to two grades, and the doping of rare earth oxides effectively prevents the grain growth phenomenon of tungsten rods in the process of sintering and forging; after the deformation of the second phase through the forging, the second phase elements can be dispersed uniformly in the tungsten matrix and the addition of rare earth oxides plays an omega role in the tungsten matrix. After forging and deformation, the second phase elements can be evenly dispersed in the tungsten matrix, and the addition of rare earth oxides plays the role of Orowan reinforcement of the tungsten matrix, which improves the tensile strength and hardness of the tungsten electrode to a certain extent, the tensile strength of lanthanum tungsten alloy reaches 1,149 MPa, and the tensile strength of ternary tungsten alloy reaches 1,230 MPa, which is 70.98% and 83.04% higher than that of pure tungsten rods, and the hardness is also raised from 413 HV30 to 425 HV30 and 431 HV30, and the fracture morphology of pure tungsten and composite tungsten electrode was analyzed by SEM, which were both brittle fracture.