高级检索

热扩散法制备镀钨金刚石的性能及影响因素

Properties and influencing factors of tungsten coated diamond prepared by thermal diffusion method

  • 摘要: 金刚石/铜复合材料是大功率电子封装领域的关键候选材料,但二者界面润湿性极差是制约该材料发展的瓶颈。基于此,本研究以金属钨粉和氧化钨粉为原料,采用热扩散法制备镀钨金刚石。通过SEM、XRD及EDS表征镀层微观形貌、物相组成与元素分布,分析镀覆机理,并探究镀覆温度及原料质量比对镀层质量的影响。结果表明:热扩散法可在金刚石表面形成均匀连续的致密钨镀层,呈WC-W2C-W梯度分布。随镀覆温度升高,镀层致密度提升,1150 ℃时质量最优,1200 ℃则导致金刚石碳化、镀层脱落;随原料中钨比例增加,镀层钨含量先增后减。镀覆温度1150 ℃、保温1 h、原料质量比 m(金刚石):m(W):m(WO3)=1:1.2:1时镀层性能最优。本研究可为金刚石/铜复合材料界面优化提供支撑。

     

    Abstract: Diamond/copper composite materials exhibit excellent thermal matching performance with semiconductor chips due to their excellent low density, high thermal conductivity, and controllable coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) characteristics, and have important application value in the field of high-power electronic packaging. However, the extremely poor wettability between diamond and copper substrate leads to a significant increase in interfacial thermal resistance, severely limiting the thermal conductivity efficiency of composite materials. To improve the wettability between diamond and copper matrix in diamond/copper composite materials, this study used tungsten metal powder and tungsten oxide powder as raw materials, and used thermal diffusion method to coat tungsten metal layer on the surface of diamond particles to prepare tungsten coated diamond. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the microstructure of the coating surface, X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the phase structure of the coating, and EDS energy spectrum was used to analyze the distribution of coating elements. Analyzed the microstructure, phase composition, and plating mechanism of the coating, and explored the influence of different plating temperatures and raw material quality ratios on the quality of the coating. The thermal diffusion method can be used to deposit a tungsten metal layer on the surface of diamond, and the obtained tungsten coating presents a uniform and continuous dense structure. SEM and EDS analysis show that the coating is well bonded to the diamond substrate, and no obvious defects are observed. The coating is composed of WC, W2C, W and other phases, and grows epitaxially on the surface of diamond, forming a gradient transition layer with WC-W2C-W structure from inside to outside. The coating temperature significantly affects the density of the coating (in the range of 800-1200 ℃). As the coating temperature increases, the coating tends to become denser. When the temperature rises to 1150 ℃, the coating quality is optimal. When the temperature reaches 1200 ℃, the diamond surface is severely carbonized and the coating is prone to peeling off. The tungsten element content on the surface of the coating is nonlinearly related to the proportion of metallic tungsten in the raw material, reaching a peak (100 at.%) at m (diamond): m (W): m (WO3)=1:1.2:1. Excess metallic tungsten raw material (m (W)/m (WO3)>1.5) can lead to a decrease in gas-phase transport efficiency and hinder the reaction between tungsten oxide vapor and carbon atoms on the diamond surface. The optimal conditions are a plating temperature of 1150 ℃, a holding time of 1 hour, and a raw material mass ratio of m (diamond): m (W): m (WO3)=1:1.2:1. At this time, the coating is evenly distributed and the most dense.

     

/

返回文章
返回