Abstract: The physicochemical properties of metal powder significantly impact the quality of 3D printed parts. In order to reduce the cost of metal 3D printing, improve printing efficiency and promote industrialization, there is a demand for metal powder with high sphericity and high purity. The physicochemical properties of metal powder are primarily related to their processing methods. This article categorizes various powder production processes and summarizes the characteristics of powder prepared by different preparation techniques, focusing on aspects such as purity, sphericity, and particle size. It also discusses the advantages, features, and technical challenges of these different powder preparation processes, while predicting the future development directions of these technologies.