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浇口位置对金属粉末注射成形过程中熔体流动行为的影响

Influence of Gate Position on Melt Flow Behavior During Metal Powder Injection Molding

  • 摘要: 金属粉末注射成形(MIM)中浇口位置对粉末浓度分布的均匀性具有重要影响。本文针对阶梯型不锈钢零件注射成形过程中的粉末-粘结剂分离问题,模拟分析了四种不同浇口位置方案的喂料注射充模过程。通过分析流体流向、剪切速率与温度场,揭示了浇口位置对粉末浓度分布的影响规律。结果表明,采用不同浇口位置时浇口附近均会出现粘结剂聚集现象,但可以通过改变浇口位置通过来改变喂料的初始流动方向,可以有效以缓解粉末浓度分布不均现象。对于含有厚度梯度特征的注射成形零件,浇口位置应优先设置于厚壁端,即采用厚端进料的方式;若采用薄壁端进料的方案易引发阶梯处气穴坍塌和粉末粘结剂分离问题。此外,零件的阶梯结构会加剧粉末偏聚。上述研究结果可为改善粉末分布、提高注射坯质量提供依据,对降低零件缺陷率具有一定的工程意义。

     

    Abstract: The gate location in metal powder injection molding (MIM) significantly influences the uniformity of powder concentration distribution. This study addresses the powder-binder separation issue during the injection molding of stepped stainless steel parts by simulating filling processes for four different gate location schemes. By analyzing fluid flow direction, shear rate, and temperature field, the study reveals the influence patterns of gate location on powder concentration distribution. Results indicate that binder aggregation occurs near all gate positions. However, altering the initial flow direction of the feedstock by changing gate locations effectively mitigates powder concentration non-uniformity. For injection-molded parts exhibiting thickness gradients, the gate should be prioritized at the thick-walled end, employing a thick-end feeding approach. Opting for thin-end feeding may lead to cavitation collapse at the step transition and powder-binder separation issues. Additionally, the stepped structure of the part exacerbates powder segregation. These findings provide a basis for improving powder distribution and enhancing green compact quality, holding engineering significance for reducing part defect rates.

     

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