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旋锻变形量对90WNiFeMo合金微观组织演变与性能的影响

Effect of rotary forging deformation amounts on the micro-structure evolution and properties of 90WNiFeMo alloy

  • 摘要: 实验合金的成分为90W-4Ni-2Fe-4Mo(wt.%),使用高纯度的钨粉、镍粉、铁粉和钼粉在1460 ℃保温1 h后,得到烧坯,然后在850 ℃/1 h下进行了不同变形量(10%、20%和30%)的旋锻试验,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、显微硬度测试、力学性能测试等方法研究了90WNiFeMo合金在不同旋锻变形量下的微观组织与性能。结果表明旋锻工艺对合金力学性能与延伸率具有显著影响。烧结态90WNiFeMo合金的显微硬度、屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率及密度分别为298 HV、728.2 MPa、982.2 MPa、23.68%和17.22 g?cm-3。经旋锻工艺(30%变形量)处理后,90WNiFeMo合金的显微硬度、屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率及密度分别达到493 HV、1137.5 MPa、1239.2 MPa、0.52%和17.31 g?cm-3。旋锻态合金比烧结态合金具有更高的抗高温软化性能。当变形量较小时,90WNiFeMo合金内部主要由粘结相延性韧窝状断裂和界面断裂组成;当变形量达到30%时,合金内部发生穿晶解理断裂。随着旋锻变形量的增加,90WNiFeMo合金的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小,位错密度增加,位错强化和晶界强化是提高90WNiFeMo合金屈服强度的主要强化机制。

     

    Abstract: The experimental alloy has a nominal composition of 90W-4Ni-2Fe-4Mo (wt.%). High-purity tungsten, nickel, iron, and molybdenum powders were compacted and then subjected to liquid-phase sintering at 1460 °C for 1 h to obtain the sintered compact. Subsequently, rotary forging was performed at 850 °C with deformation amounts of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and high-temperature softening resistance of the 90WNiFeMo alloy after different rotary forging deformation amounts were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and micro-hardness measurements. The results indicate that the rotary forging process significantly affects the mechanical properties of the alloy, particularly its strength and elongation. The sintered 90WNiFeMo alloy exhibits a micro-hardness of 298 HV, yield strength of 728.2 MPa, tensile strength of 982.2 MPa, elongation of 23.68%, and density of 17.22 g?cm?3. After 30% rotary forging, the micro-hardness, yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and density increase to 493 HV, 1137.5 MPa, 1239.2 MPa, 0.52%, and 17.31 g?cm?3, respectively. The rotary-forged alloy exhibits higher resistance to high-temperature softening than the sintered one. Regarding fracture behavior, at small deformation amounts, the fracture mode is mainly characterized by ductile dimple fracture in the binder phase and interfacial fracture. When the deformation amount reaches 30%, transgranular cleavage fracture also appears within the alloy. As the rotary forging deformation increases, the grain size of the 90WNiFeMo alloy gradually decreases while the dislocation density increases. Dislocation strengthening and grain boundary strengthening are the main mechanisms for enhancing the yield strength of the 90WNiFeMo alloy.

     

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