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摘要:
对Fe−6.5%Si粉末（质量分数）进行不同温度的热处理实验，经压制后得到Fe−6.5%Si磁粉芯，并对磁粉芯进行不同温度的热处理，探究热处理工艺对Fe−6.5%Si磁粉芯磁导率和损耗等磁性能的影响。结果发现：粉末热处理可以大幅度消除气雾化制粉过程中合金粉末受高压气体冲击造成的缺陷，并减少粉末中的C、O含量；随着热处理温度的升高，粉末的矫顽力先增后减，饱和磁化强度逐渐降低。通过对压制成型磁粉芯进行热处理也能够改善磁粉芯的磁性能，不同温度热处理后损耗均维持在600～700 mW∙cm−3之间，最低值为625 mW∙cm−3。综合分析，用经900 ℃热处理粉末制成的磁粉芯在800 ℃进行后续热处理，磁粉芯磁导率、损耗等性能综合较优。
Abstract:Fe−6.5%Si (mass fraction) powders were subjected to the heat treatment experiments at the different temperatures combined with the heat treatment of the magnetic powder cores. The effect of heat treatment on the magnetic properties of Fe−6.5%Si magnetic powder cores, such as permeability and loss, was investigated. In the results, the powder heat treatment can greatly eliminate the defects caused by the impact of high pressure gas on the alloy powders during the gas atomization powder production and reduce the carbon and oxygen content in the powders. With the increase of heat treatment temperature, the coercive force of the powders first increases and then decreases, and the saturation magnetization gradually decreases. The magnetic properties of the prepared Fe−6.5%Si magnetic powder cores can also be improved by heat treatment. After the heat treatment at different temperatures, the loss is maintained between 600 and 700 mW∙cm−3, and the lowest value is 625 mW∙cm−3. Compared with other comparison samples, the magnetic powder cores made of the Fe−6.5%Si powders heat-treated at 900 ℃ have the better magnetic conductivity and loss after the subsequent heat treatment at 800 ℃.
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Keywords:
- magnetic powder core /
- Fe−Si alloys /
- heat treatment /
- magnetic properties
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图 1 不同温度热处理后的Fe−6.5%Si粉末X射线衍射图谱（a）及在～45°特征峰（b）
Figure 1. XRD patterns of the Fe−6.5%Si powders treated at different temperatures (a) and the characteristic peaks at ~45° (b)
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图 2 Fe−6.5%Si粉末表面形貌和C、O含量随热处理温度变化曲线：（a）热处理前；（b）热处理后；（c）含量-温度变化曲线
Figure 2. SEM images of the Fe−6.5%Si powders and the relationship between C and O content and heat treatment temperature: (a) before heat treatment; (b) after heat treatment; (c) curves of the C and O content and heat treatment temperature
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图 3 不同热处理温度Fe−6.5%Si粉末磁性能曲线：（a）磁化曲线；（b）矫顽力与饱和磁化强度
Figure 3. Magnetic curves of the Fe−6.5%Si powders treated at different temperatures: (a) magnetization curves; (b) coercivities and saturation magnetization
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图 4 Fe−6.5%Si磁粉芯磁导率与粉末热处理温度关系曲线
Figure 4. Relationship between the permeability of the magnetic powder cores and the heat treatment temperature of the Fe−6.5%Si powders
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图 5 Fe−6.5%Si磁粉芯总损耗（a）、磁滞损耗（b）、涡流损耗（c）以及与粉末热处理温度之间的关系（d）
Figure 5. Total loss (a), hysteresis loss (b), and eddy current loss (c) of the magnetic powder cores and the relationship between the loss and heat treatment temperature of the Fe−6.5%Si powders
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图 7 Fe−6.5%Si磁粉芯磁性能随热处理温度变化曲线：（a）磁导率；（b）总损耗；（c）磁滞损耗；（d）磁滞损耗在总损耗中的占比
Figure 7. Magnetic properties of the Fe−6.5%Si magnetic powder cores with the heat treatment temperature: (a) effective magnetic conductivity; (b) total loss; (c) hysteresis loss; (d) proportion of hysteresis loss in total loss
表 1 Fe−6.5%Si粉末预处理实验条件
Table 1 Experimental conditions of the Fe−6.5%Si powder pretreatment
编号 热处理温度 / ℃ 质量 / g Fe−6.5%Si 丙酮 硅树脂 1 500 20 2 0.2 2 600 20 2 0.2 3 700 20 2 0.2 4 800 20 2 0.2 5 900 20 2 0.2 
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表 2 粉末与磁粉芯热处理实验条件
Table 2 Heat treatment experimental conditions of the Fe−6.5%Si powders and magnetic power cores
编号 粉末热处理
温度 / ℃质量 / g 磁粉芯热处理
温度 / ℃Fe−6.5%Si 硅树脂 1 500 20 0.2 500 2 500 20 0.2 650 3 500 20 0.2 800 4 900 20 0.2 500 5 900 20 0.2 650 6 900 20 0.2 800
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