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摘要:
研究了Mo–47.5%Re（质量分数）球磨混料合金粉与等离子球化合金粉的冷等静压成形，利用“黄培云双自然对数方程”拟合压制参数，并分析压制压力与压坯密度的关系。结果表明，在长径比较大的模具中进行冷等静压压制，球磨混料合金粉与等离子球化合金粉均表现为压坯轴向收缩率大于径向收缩率。等离子球化合金粉压制后，压坯完整，未开裂，压坯密度沿轴向变化较少，芯部密度略低于两端密度。球磨混料合金粉压制后，压坯呈竹节状断裂，压坯密度沿轴向存在较大变化，芯部密度显著低于两端密度。等离子球化合金粉硬化指数（m）略高于球磨混料合金粉，其压制模量（M）低于球磨混料合金粉，说明等离子球化合金粉硬化趋势更大，相较于球磨混料合金粉更易压制。
Abstract:The cold isostatic pressing of Mo–47.5%Re alloy powders (mass fraction) mixed by ball milling and plasma spheroidization was compared and analyzed. The compression parameters were fitted and the relationship between pressing pressure and billet density was analyzed by Huang Peiyun’s double logarithmic pressing theory. The results show that the axial shrinkage of the compacts mixed by both ball milling and plasma spheroidization is greater than that of the radial shrinkage after cold isostatic pressing in the mold with large length/diameter ratio. The billets pressed by plasma spheroidization alloy powders are complete and uncracked, the density changes less along the axial direction, and the core density is slightly lower than that at both ends. The billets pressed by ball milling alloy powders are broken like bamboo joint, the density varies greatly along the axial direction, and the core density is significantly lower than that at both ends. The harding exponent of plasma spheroidization alloy powders is slightly higher than that of ball milling alloy powders, while the pressing modulus (M) is lower than that of ball milling alloy powders, which means the hardening tendency of plasma spheroidization alloy powders is greater.
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图 1 球磨混料合金粉制备工艺
Figure 1. Preparation technology of the ball milling mixed alloy powders
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图 2 原料钼粉以及钼铼合金混合粉微观形貌：（a）原料钼粉；（b）球磨混料合金粉；（c）等离子球化合金粉
Figure 2. SEM images of the raw molybdenum powders and the molybdenum rhenium alloy mixed powders: (a) raw molybdenum powders; (b) ball milling mixed alloy powders; (c) plasma spheroidization alloy powders
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图 3 钼铼合金粉区间粒度分布
Figure 3. Particle size distribution of the molybdenum rhenium alloy powders
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图 5 钼铼合金压坯沿轴向密度变化
Figure 5. Density variation of the molybdenum rhenium alloy billets in axial direction
表 1 钼铼合金粉松装密度与粉末流动性
Table 1 Loose packing density and powder fluidity of the molybdenum rhenium alloy powders
粉体类型 松装密度 / (g·cm−3) 流动性 / [s·(50 g)−1] 球磨混料合金粉 3.5 13.8 等离子球化合金粉 5.2 6.5 
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表 2 钼铼合金压坯收缩率
Table 2 Billet shrinkage of the molybdenum rhenium alloy billets
粉体类型 径向收缩率 / % 轴向收缩率 / % 球磨混料合金粉 26 35 等离子球化合金粉 15 22
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表 3 压制压力与压坯密度关系
Table 3 Relation between pressing pressure and billet density
压制压力 / MPa 压坯密度 / (g·cm−3) 球磨混料合金粉 等离子球化合金粉 130 6.28 8.61 160 6.70 8.87 190 7.08 9.08 220 7.39 9.27 250 7.72 9.45
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表 4 压制压力与压坯密度线性回归分析结果
Table 4 Linear regression analysis results of the pressing pressure and billet density
粉体类型 回归方程 相关系数 硬化指数（m） 压制模量（M）/ MPa 球磨混料合金粉 y=0.18+1.71x 0.998 1.71 151.36 等离子球化合金粉 y=0.08+2.65x 0.990 2.65 120.23
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