Research Progress and Challenges of High-Entropy Amorphous Soft Magnetic Materials

High-entropy amorphous soft magnetic alloys combine the multi-principal design concept of high-entropy alloys with the excellent soft magnetic characteristics of amorphous alloy structures, which provides a new way to break through the performance trade-off dilemma between "strength-plasticity" and "high magnetic inductance-low coercivity" faced by traditional soft magnetic materials for a long time. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of high-entropy amorphous soft magnetic alloys, focusing on the application of sequence regulation strategies in the construction of amorphous-nanocrystalline transition structures. Firstly, the development context of soft magnetic materials and the breakthrough of amorphous alloys are reviewed, and the theoretical basis of the fusion of high-entropy alloys and amorphous alloys is analyzed. Secondly, the design principles of alloy composition are summarized, including the optimization of ferromagnetic element ratio, the regulation of glass-forming ability of metalloid elements, and the action mechanism of trace elements. The results show that the optimal ratio of Fe, Co and Ni can maximize the local magnetic moment, metalloid elements B and Si significantly affect the amorphous formation ability and magnetostrictive coefficient, and trace elements Cr, Mo, Nb and V can effectively regulate the precipitation behavior of nanocrystals and improve the corrosion resistance of alloys. Finally, the research progress of typical alloy systems, including FeCoNi-Si-B series, FeCoNi-Al-Si series, high-entropy amorphous systems containing refractory elements, one-step preparation and application of additive manufacturing technology of high-entropy alloy fibers, and the future development directions of machine learning-assisted component design, precise microstructure regulation and industrial application feasibility are discussed.