Abstract: Titanium and titanium alloys are considered as an ideal metal material for human implants because of low density, high specific strength, low elasticity modulus, good biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance.It is widely used in joint replacement and dental restoration, and the demand for titanium and titanium alloys is increasing rapidly.However, the titanium and titanium alloys have the defects to be further studied and improved, such as low osseointegration rate, poor antibacterial property, and low wear resistance.The excellent properties of titanium and titanium alloys were introduced, the research progress on new β-type titanium alloys, surface-modified titanium alloys, porous titanium alloys, and titanium-ceramic composites alloys for human implant materials was summarized, and some problems in the development of titanium alloy materials were discussed in this paper, which provide the reference to design the new human implant materials, optimize the overall performance, and extend the service life of titanium and titanium alloys.