Effect of (Cr,La)2(C,N) addition on the structure and properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets
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摘要: 在开放体系下采用高温碳管炉制备了(Cr,La)2(C,N)粉末，并将其作为添加剂制备Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、万能力学试验机及维氏硬度计等设备研究了(Cr,La)2(C,N)添加对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明，(Cr,La)2(C,N)的添加能够有效细化Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的硬质相晶粒，其中Cr、La元素主要固溶于粘结相，La元素促进了硬质相的溶解–析出过程，金属陶瓷的抗弯强度、硬度以及断裂韧性等力学性能得到明显改善。当添加(Cr,La)2(C,N)的质量分数为5.0%时，Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的综合力学性能达到最佳，抗弯强度为2002 MPa，维氏硬度为1643 MPa，断裂韧性为11.22 MPa·m1/2。
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关键词:
- Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷 /
- (Cr,La)2(C,N) /
- 微观组织 /
- 力学性能 /
- 断裂韧性
Abstract: (Cr,La)2(C,N) powders were prepared by the high temperature carbon tube furnace in an open system, using as the additive to prepare the Ti(C,N)-based cermets. The effects of (Cr,La)2(C,N) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), universal mechanical testing machine, and Vickers hardness tester. The results show that the addition of (Cr,La)2(C,N) can effectively refine the hard phase grains of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets. The Cr and La elements are mainly dissolved in the binder phase, and the La element promotes the dissolution and precipitation process of the hard phase. Furthermore, the bending strength, hardness, and fracture toughness of the cermets are significantly improved. When the mass fraction of (Cr,La)2(C,N) is 5.0%, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets are the best, the bending strength is 2002 MPa, the Vickers hardness is 1643 MPa, and the fracture toughness is 11.22 MPa·m1/2.-
Key words:
- Ti(C,N)-based cermets /
- (Cr,La)2(C,N) /
- microstructure /
- mechanical properties /
- fracture toughness
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图 3 添加质量分数为10.0%(Cr,La)2(C,N)的金属陶瓷的扫描电子显微形貌和能谱分析
Figure 3. SEM image and EDS analysis of the cermets with 10.0% (Cr,La)2(C,N) (mass fraction)
图 4 添加不同质量分数(Cr,La)2(C,N)的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷X射线衍射图谱
Figure 4. XRD patterns of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets with the different mass fraction of (Cr,La)2(C,N)
图 5 添加不同质量分数(Cr,La)2(C,N)的金属陶瓷扫描电子显微形貌和晶粒尺寸分布：（a）0%；（b）2.5%；（c）5.0%；（d）7.5%；（e）10.0%
Figure 5. SEM images and grains size distribution of the cermets with different mass fraction of (Cr,La)2(C,N): (a) 0%; (b) 2.5%; (c) 5.0%; (d) 7.5%; (e) 10.0%
图 6 添加不同质量分数(Cr,La)2(C,N)的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷密度
Figure 6. Density of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets with different mass fraction of (Cr,La)2(C,N)
图 7 添加不同质量分数(Cr,La)2(C,N)的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷抗弯强度
Figure 7. Bending strength of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets with different mass fraction of (Cr,La)2(C,N)
图 8 添加不同质量分数(Cr,La)2(C,N)的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的维氏硬度
Figure 8. Hardness of Ti(C,N)-based cermets with different mass fraction of (Cr,La)2(C,N)
图 9 添加不同质量分数(Cr,La)2(C,N)的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的断裂韧性
Figure 9. Fracture toughness of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets with different mass fraction of (Cr,La)2(C,N)
图 11 添加不同质量分数(Cr,La)2(C,N)的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷裂纹扩展形貌：（a）0%；（b）5.0%；（c）7.5%；（d）10.0%
Figure 11. Crack growth morphologies of the Ti(C,N)-based cermets with different mass fraction of (Cr,La)2(C,N): (a) 0%; (b) 5.0%; (c) 7.5%; (d) 10.0%
表 1 各原料粉末的基本参数
Table 1. Basic parameters of raw material powder
原料粉末 粒度 / μm 质量分数 / % C N O Ti(C,N) 1.3 11.91 9.71 0.34 (Cr,La)2(C,N) 8.0 5.96 4.41 0.44 WC 1.0 6.22 — 0.47 Mo2C 1.0 5.80 — 0.50 TaC 1.0 6.20 — 0.20 Co 1.2 — — 0.47 Ni 1.2 — — 0.15 
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表 2 添加不同质量分数(Cr,La)2(C,N)的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷试样粘接相能谱分析（质量分数）
Table 2. EDS analysis of the bonding phase in Ti(C,N)-based cermets with different mass fraction of (Cr,La)2(C,N)
% (Cr,La)2(C,N) Ti W Mo Cr Ta La Co Ni 0 13.22 29.59 19.58 0 0.52 0.06 18.88 6.03 2.5 13.98 30.59 20.63 3.41 0.64 0.11 16.64 4.99 5.0 15.22 32.98 21.77 5.87 0.60 0.12 12.00 4.84 7.5 12.84 33.90 21.23 9.99 0.68 0.18 11.55 4.47 10.0 10.77 32.43 17.58 10.31 0.88 0.25 10.49 4.11
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