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金属增材制造数值模拟研究进展

Research progress on numerical simulation of metal additive-manufacturing process

  • 摘要: 作为高性能复杂金属构件的新兴制造技术,增材制造已被应用于航空航天、汽车工业、医疗和核电等领域。金属增材制造工艺涉及传热、热力、相变及流动等复杂物理现象,不同尺度及跨尺度数值模拟结合实验验证可实现对增材制造过程中复杂物理现象的理解、调控及优化,为高质量、高精度、高性能金属构件的成形提供有力支撑。本文综述了宏观、介观、微观及多尺度下金属增材制造的数值模拟,阐述了温度场、热应力场、粉末粉床、熔池流动及凝固行为的数值仿真方法,展望了增材制造数值模拟方法的发展趋势。

     

    Abstract: As one of the new technologies for the high-performance complex metal components, the additive manufacturing technology has been used in the aerospace, automotive industry, medical, and nuclear powder fields. The metal additive manufacturing processes involve the complex physical phenomena such as heat transfer, thermal, phase transition, and flow. Numerical simulation methods in the different scales and cross-scales combined with the experimental verification can realize the understanding, control, and optimization of the complex physical phenomena in the additive manufacturing process, which can provide the strong support for the forming of high-quality, high-precision, and high-performance metal components. The numerical simulation of metal additive manufacturing processes in the macro, mesoscopic, micro, and multi-scale was reviewed in this article. The numerical simulation methods of temperature field, thermal stress field, powder bed, molten pool flow, and solidification behavior process were described. Finally, the development trend of the numerical simulation methods for the additive manufacturing was prospected.

     

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