Powder metallurgy in China: markets, applications and the impact of vehicle electrification
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摘要: 经过30年的发展，中国已经成为粉末冶金零部件生产的强国。粉末冶金在中国的应用是多元化的，拥有一个广阔的市场。随着汽车工业的转型，新能源汽车占据的汽车市场份额越来越多，由于粉末冶金零部件行业对传统内燃机汽车的高度依赖性，汽车工业的转型对粉末冶金行业既是一个巨大的挑战，但也将为粉末冶金零部件行业带来新的机遇。在汽车工业转型的大背景下，本文分析了中国粉末冶金零部件行业的发展现状，归纳了中国汽车工业的发展趋势及其对粉末冶金行业的影响，提出了粉末冶金行业的应对策略，并展望了未来粉末冶金行业的发展前景。Abstract: Over the past three decades, China has grown into a powerhouse for powder metallurgy (PM) parts production. Supported by a thriving and diversified domestic market for PM parts, the domestically-owned PM companies are now competing with the international market leaders. China’s PM industry, however, faces the same challenges as the rest of the world’s producers — the transition to vehicle electrification. China is a huge market and PM applications in China are diverse. The rapid development of new energy vehicles is a challenge, but it will also bring new development opportunities. Under the background of automobile industry transformation, the development and current situation of China’s PM parts industry were analyzed in this paper, the development trend of China's automobile industry and the impact on the PM industry were summarized, the coping strategies with the transformation of the automobile industry were proposed, and the future development prospects of the PM industry were prospected.
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Key words:
- vehicle electrification /
- powder metallurgy parts /
- markets and applications /
- innovation /
- diverse
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图 1 中国粉末冶金零件总销售额变化趋势
Figure 1. Trends in total sales of PM part sales in China based on the data from CMPMA
图 3 2001～2022年中国汽车销售（含电动汽车）总量（包含一般轿车、商用车和工具车辆）
Figure 3. Number of cars sold in China during 2001~2022
图 4 中国过去4年每季的新能源汽车售出辆数
Figure 4. Quarter-by-quarter changes of the new energy vehicle sales in China over the past four years
图 5 包括纯电动汽车在内的新能源汽车在中国的销量持续增长，并在2022年第四季度达到近250万辆的创纪录销量
Figure 5. Sales of the new energy vehicles (including BEVs) showing the consecutive growth in China and reaching a record sales volume of nearly 2.5 million units in the fourth quarter of 2022
图 7 东睦新材料集团生产的不同粉末冶金产品：（a）可变气门正时转子/链轮；（b）铝合金链轮；（c）软磁定子；（d）橡胶包覆进/排气凸轮轴定子链轮；（e）密度≥7.53 g·cm−3的打击块
Figure 7. PM parts produced by NBTM: (a) Variable valve timing (VVT) rotor/sprocket; (b) aluminum alloy sprocket; (c) soft magnetic stator; (d) rubberized intake/exhaust camshaft housing sprocket; (e) hammer with density ≥7.53 g·cm−3
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