Abstract: Titanium alloy scaffolds have good mechanical properties and can mimic the structure and properties of human bones, making them ideal materials for bionic bone implant applications. In this paper, the preparation process and mechanical properties of extrusion molding 3D printed Ti6Al4V titanium alloy scaffolds are systematically investigated. The preparation of titanium alloy scaffolds using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel is introduced, which can obtain a porous structure with uniform distribution and high interconnectivity. The influence laws of slurry PVA content and sintering temperature on the preparation process were investigated, and the relationship between the porosity and mechanical properties of titanium alloy scaffolds was analyzed. The mechanical properties and microstructure of the titanium alloy scaffolds were tested and analyzed using a universal testing machine and a scanning electron microscope, respectively. The results showed that the preparation process was optimal when the slurry PVA content was 15 wt%. The degreasing and sintering temperatures were set at 360 °C and 1300 °C, respectively. The titanium alloy scaffolds with a porosity of 59.8% exhibited mechanical properties matching those of human bones to avoid stress-masking effect.