Characteristics and optimization on the short recycling process of scrap cemented carbide
-
摘要: 短流程回收工艺由于流程短、回收率高、经济节能等特点被广泛应用于废旧硬质合金的回收中。本文针对回收原理、工艺流程、影响因素等方面综述了电溶法、锌熔法、氧化–还原法、高温处理法、机械破碎法等短流程回收工艺, 着重探讨了不同工艺的优缺点。结合各回收工艺特点, 指出目前废旧硬质合金的回收应放在改进、延伸原有工艺或多种工艺相结合上, 实现不同工艺的优势互补, 优化现有回收技术。Abstract: In the recovery technology of scrap cemented carbide, short process technologies are widely applied, due to the shorter process, higher recovery rate, lower energy consumption, and greater economic value. In this paper, recovery principle, technological process, and influencing factors of short recycling process of scrap cemented carbide were reviewed, including electrochemical method, zinc melting method, oxidation-reduction method, heat treatment method, and mechanical disruption process. The characteristics of different process were emphatically discussed. According to the characteristics of recycling process, the improvement of original process or the combination of multi-technology should be done to optimize the recovery technology of scrap cemented carbide, making the respective advantages complementary to each other.
-
Key words:
- cemented carbide /
- recovery /
- short process
-
图 1 电溶法回收硬质合金装置连接示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of scrap cemented carbide recovery by electrolysis
-
[1] Koc R, Kodambaka S K. Tungsten carbide(WC)synthesis from novel precursors. J Eur Ceram Soc, 2000, 20(11): 1859. doi: 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00038-8 [2] Medeiros F F P, Oliveira S A D, Souza C P D, et al. Synthesis of tungsten carbide through gas–solid reaction at low temperatures. Mater Sci Eng A, 2001, 315(1–2): 58. doi: 10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01214-X [3] Byrne G, Dornfeld D, Denkena B. Advancing cutting technology. CIRP Ann, 2003, 52(2): 483. doi: 10.1016/S0007-8506(07)60200-5 [4] Liao Y S, Lin H M, Wang J H. Behaviors of end milling Inconel 718 superalloy by cemented carbide tools. J Mater Process Technol, 2008, 201(1): 460. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924013607012009 [5] Jia M X, Wang M Y, Li Y F, et al. Characteristics of Chinese tungsten ore and the problems in the tungsten resource utilization. Min Metall, 2013, 22(1): 90 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2013.01.023贾木欣, 王明燕, 李艳峰, 等.我国钨资源矿石性质特点及资源利用存在的问题.矿冶, 2013, 22(1): 90 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2013.01.023 [6] Liu B, Wang Y H, Wang C, et al. Situation and suggestions of China's cobalt resources industry. Resour Ind, 2014, 16(3): 113 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZIYU201403026.htm刘彬, 王银宏, 王臣, 等.中国钴资源产业形势与对策建议.资源与产业, 2014, 16(3): 113 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZIYU201403026.htm [7] Zuo T Y, Song X Y. Discussions concerning development of high-grade tungsten products in China. Cemented Carbide, 2012, 29(6): 337 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2012.06.001左铁镛, 宋晓艳.我国高端钨制品发展有关问题的思考与探讨.硬质合金, 2012, 29(6): 337 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2012.06.001 [8] Zhai X. The current aituation of technical processing of hard alloys recycling and utilization. Non-ferrous Met Recycl Utiliz, 2004(1): 14 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSZS200401008.htm翟昕.硬质合金回收利用工艺现状.有色金属再生与利用, 2004(1): 14 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSZS200401008.htm [9] Tang Q Y, Wu Y L, Duan D P. Metal tungsten and cobalt recycled from disused anvil by niter casting. J Xiangnan Univ, 2004, 25(2): 51 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CZSZ200402014.htm汤青云, 吴永兰, 段冬平.硝石熔炼法从废顶锤中回收金属钨和钴.湘南学院学报, 2004, 25(2): 51 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CZSZ200402014.htm [10] Zhang Y Z, Cai C S. Comprehensive recovery of high temperature carbide scrap containing cobalt. Min Metall Eng, 2000, 20(2): 34 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2000.02.012张愈祖, 蔡传算.含钴硬质合金废料的综合回收.矿冶工程, 2000, 20(2): 34 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-6099.2000.02.012 [11] Jiang W W, Gao J, Pu C E, et al. Co recovery from Co slag arising from scrap hard metal smelting with Na2SO4. Rare Met Cemented Carbides, 2000(2): 22 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0536.2000.02.006姜文伟, 高晋, 普崇恩, 等.硫酸钠熔炼法处理废硬质合金工艺中钴的回收.稀有金属与硬质合金, 2000(2): 22 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0536.2000.02.006 [12] Xu Y C, Jiang P. Recovery technology of hard alloy. China Nonferrous Met, 2008(14): 74 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSGY200814029.htm徐迎春, 姜萍.硬质合金的回收技术.中国有色金属, 2008(14): 74 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSGY200814029.htm [13] Zhai X, Zhou C S, Miao X J. Study of H3PO4 dynamic leaching for treatment of low-cobalt cemented carbide scraps. Rare Met Cemented Carbides, 1996(2): 126 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XYJY602.000.htm翟昕, 周长松, 苗兴军.磷酸动态浸出法处理低钴类废硬质合金的研究.稀有金属与硬质合金, 1996(2): 126 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XYJY602.000.htm [14] Lu Y M. Foreign Cemented Carbide. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1975陆远明.国外硬质合金.北京: 冶金工业出版社, 1975 [15] Yang B, Chen G J, Shi A H, et al. Review on technologies of short recycle process for scrap cemented carbide. Mater Rev, 2015, 29(3): 68 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CLDB201503014.htm杨斌, 陈广军, 石安红, 等.废旧硬质合金短流程回收技术的研究现状.材料导报, 2015, 29(3): 68 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CLDB201503014.htm [16] Zhao W J. Study on Performance Improvement and Process Optimization of Recycling Cemented Carbide[Dissertation]. Changsha: Central South University, 2009赵万军.再生硬质合金性能提高及工艺优化研究, 长沙: 中南大学, 2009 [17] Duan D P. Dealing with hard alloy scrap by electrolysis and retrieving cobalt metal and tungsten carbide from it. J Yiyang Teach Coll, 1998, 15(5): 43 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YZHJ200003005.htm段冬平.电溶法处理废硬质合金回收金属钴和碳化钨.湖南城市学院学报, 1998, 15(5): 43 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YZHJ200003005.htm [18] Tang Q Y, Duan D P. The treatment of hard alloy scrap to recover cobalt melt and tungsten carbide by electroosmosis and electrolysis. Cemented Carbide, 2000, 17(3): 147 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2000.03.005汤青云, 段冬平.电渗析电溶法处理废硬质合金回收金属钴和碳化钨.硬质合金, 2000, 17(3): 147 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2000.03.005 [19] Zhang L, Chen S, Xiong X J, et al. Study on the quality control of tungsten carbide powder reclaimed by electrochemical method. Cemented Carbide, 2006, 23(2): 103 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2006.02.010张立, 陈述, 熊湘君, 等.电化学回收WC粉末质量控制问题的探讨.硬质合金, 2006, 23(2): 103 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2006.02.010 [20] Cha S I, Hong S H, Ha G H, et al. Mechanical properties of WC–10Co cemented carbides sintered from nanocrystalline spray conversion processed powders. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater, 2001, 19(4): 397. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263436801000579 [21] Gris B. Comparison between chemical method and Zinc-process of cemented carbide scrap. Transl. by Chen L L. Sichuan Nonferrous Met, 2000(4): 53 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZSHK201602011.htm格里斯B.废旧硬质合金的回收―化学法和锌熔法的比较.陈立兰, 译.四川有色金属, 2000(4): 53 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZSHK201602011.htm [22] Hu Y J, Sun P M, Li H G, et al. Recovery and latest development for cemented carbide scrap. Rare Met Cemented Carbides, 2004, 32(3): 53 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0536.2004.03.015胡宇杰, 孙培梅, 李洪桂, 等.废硬质合金的回收再生方法及研究进展.稀有金属与硬质合金, 2004, 32(3): 53 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0536.2004.03.015 [23] Zhang C Z, Sun Q X, Zhang H X. Investigation on zinc heat erosion process for recycling cemented carbide. Powder Metall Technol, 1989, 7(3): 129 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FMYJ198903000.htm张承忠, 孙秋霞, 张洪绪.锌热腐蚀法回收硬质合金的研究.粉末冶金技术, 1989, 7(3): 129 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FMYJ198903000.htm [24] Kuang H. The latest development of waste cemented carbide recovery with zinc melting method. Rare Met Cemented Carbides, 2016, 44(5): 79 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XYJY201605018.htm邝海.锌熔法回收废旧硬质合金的研究进展.稀有金属与硬质合金, 2016, 44(5): 79 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XYJY201605018.htm [25] Liu F P. Recovery of waste cemented carbide by zinc melting method. Yunnan Metall, 1987(4): 44 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YNYJ198704010.htm刘飞鹏.锌熔法回收废硬质合金.云南冶金, 1987(4): 44 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YNYJ198704010.htm [26] Ruan J M, Zhao W J, Yang H L. Research on preparation technologies and properties of recycling cemented carbide//The Proceedings of 2009 Powder Metallurgy Academic Meeting. Changsha, 2009: 267阮建明, 赵万军, 杨海林.再生硬质合金制备工艺及组织与性能研究//2009全国粉末冶金学术会议论文集.长沙, 2009: 267 [27] Lin C Y. Research and development of nickel cast iron crucible for zinc melting method. Mod Cast Iron, 1984(3): 49林超元.镍铸铁锌熔法坩锅的研制与应用.现代铸铁, 1984(3): 49 [28] Zhao W J, Yang H L, Ruan J M, et al. Study on microstructure and properties of cemented carbide produced by recycled materials. Cemented Carbide, 2008, 25(3): 169 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2008.03.009赵万军, 杨海林, 阮建明, 等.再生料制备的硬质合金组织与性能研究.硬质合金, 2008, 25(3): 169 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2008.03.009 [29] Bondarenko V, Pavlotskaya E, Martynova L. Production of tungsten–cobalt cemented carbides. Mater Process Rep, 2002, 17(1): 30. [30] Liu W B, Song X Y, Zhang J X, et al. Preparation of ultrafine WC–Co composite powder by in situ reduction and carbonization reactions. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater, 2009, 27(1): 115. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2008.05.001 [31] Wang Y, Liu X M, Song X Y, et al. Short-term process of recycling cemented carbide scraps and preparation of high performance hard metals. Acta Metall Sin, 2014, 50(5): 633 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSXB201405016.htm王瑶, 刘雪梅, 宋晓艳, 等.高性能再生硬质合金的短流程回收制备.金属学报, 2014, 50(5): 633 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSXB201405016.htm [32] Yang J G, Huang B Y, Liu Y. A new method of producing ultrafine WC–Co composite powder from scrap sintered carbide. China Tungsten Ind, 2003, 18(2): 35 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-0622.2003.02.011羊建高, 黄伯云, 刘咏.一种利用废残粗晶硬质合金生产超细WC–Co复合粉末的新方法.中国钨业, 2003, 18(2): 35 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-0622.2003.02.011 [33] Chen P, Li H K. Study on the technique of reclaiming cemented carbide by high-temperature treatment. Cemented Carbide, 2001, 18(4): 201 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2001.04.003陈芃, 李海坤.硬质合金高温处理回收工艺研究.硬质合金, 2001, 18(4): 201 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2001.04.003 [34] Xiong W L. A Recovery Method and Application of Hard Metal Scrap: China Patent, 103409634A. 2013–11–27熊文林.一种废硬质合金的回收方法及应用: 中国专利, 103409634A. 2013–11–27 [35] Zhao Q S. Latest development of the mechanical grinding as simplest method for recovering of hard metal scrap. Rare Met Cemented Carbides, 2002, 30(3): 58 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0536.2002.03.017赵秦生.硬质合金回收简便方法―机械破碎法的新进展.稀有金属与硬质合金, 2002, 30(3): 58 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-0536.2002.03.017 [36] Wu Z J, Liang X H. The techniques discussion of producing cemented carbide with recycling material by the new type crashing method. Cemented Carbide, 2004, 21(4): 241 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2004.04.012吴子军, 梁小华. "新型破碎法"回收料生产硬质合金的工艺探索.硬质合金, 2004, 21(4): 241 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7292.2004.04.012 [37] Su H. Recovery Processes of Scrap Cemented Carbide: China Patent, 1876287A. 2006–12–13苏华.硬质合金回收方法: 中国专利, 1876287A. 2006–12–13 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 309
- HTML全文浏览量: 100
- PDF下载量: 25
- 被引次数: 0
