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摘要: 通过粉末冶金技术制备质量分数为7.5%的含铜铝基烧结含油轴承试样，研究了在氮气保护下不同烧结温度以及烧结时间对试样的微观结构和综合性能的影响，优化得到最佳烧结工艺。研究结果表明，当烧结温度超过537℃时，烧结试样发生局部熔化，液相开始生成；随着烧结温度升高和烧结时间的延长，烧结试样的尺寸收缩率以及压溃强度不断提高而含油率不断减小。当烧结温度为560℃、烧结时间为120 min时，烧结试样拥有良好的综合性能，压溃强度和含油率分别为151.3 MPa和16.7%，呈最佳烧结状态。Abstract: The Al-based sintered oil bearing (containing 7.5% Cu by mass) was prepared by powder metallurgy in N2 atmosphere, the effects of sintering temperature and sintering time on the microstructures and comprehensive performances of Al-based sintered oil bearing were investigated, and the optimal sintering processing was obtained in this paper. The results show that, when the sintering temperature is beyond 537℃, the powder particles are partly molten, and the liquid phase is generated. With the increase of sintering temperature and the extension to sintering time, the dimensional shrink rate and crushing strength are increased, but the oil content is decreased. The optimal comprehensive performances of Al-based sintered oil bearing are obtained when the bearing samples are sintered at 560℃ for 120 min, and the crushing strength and oil content reaches 151.3 MPa and 16.7%, respectively.
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Key words:
- powder metallurgy /
- Al-based sintered oil bearing /
- sintering process /
- crushing strength /
- oil content
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图 1 电阻率与烧结温度曲线
Figure 1. Dependence of electrical resistivity on sintering temperature
图 2 不同烧结温度下烧结试样显微组织形貌：（a）530 ℃；（b）540 ℃; （c）560 ℃；（d）590 ℃
Figure 2. Microstructures of samples sintered at different sintering temperatures: (a) 530 ℃; (b) 540 ℃; (c) 560 ℃; (d) 590 ℃
图 3 不同烧结温度下烧结试样的含油率和压溃强度
Figure 3. Crushing strength and oil content of sintered samples in different sintering time
图 4 不同烧结时间下烧结试样显微组织形貌：（a）30 min；（b）120 min; （c）150 min；（d）180 min
Figure 4. Microstructures of samples sintered in different sintering time: (a) 30 min; (b) 120 min; (c) 150 min; (d) 180 min
表 1 不同烧结温度下试样的压溃强度及含油率
Table 1. Crushing strength and oil content of sintered samples at different sintering temperatures
烧结温度/ ℃ 压溃强度/ MPa 含油率/ % 530 45.1 20.2 540 95.7 19.8 550 131.7 17.5 560 151.3 16.7 570 162.2 14.3 580 197.4 12.0 590 207.3 8.2 
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表 2 不同烧结温度下试样的尺寸收缩率
Table 2. Dimensional change of samples sintered at different sintering temperatures
烧结温度/ ℃ 轴向变化率/ % 径向变化率/ % 530 -0.42 -0.21 540 -0.89 -0.41 550 -1.21 -0.97 560 -2.61 -1.17 570 -3.42 -1.44 580 -4.90 -2.70 590 -5.70 -3.10
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