Study on compacting process and properties of high temperature composite phase change thermal storage material
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摘要: 以铝粉作为相变材料，采用单向模压成型的方法制备出了一种新型高温复合相变蓄热材料。利用金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对材料进行分析，从材料混合程度、显微组织、成分结构及表面形貌等方面研究了相变蓄热材料的制备机理和性能影响因素，同时探讨了粉末流动性、堆积密度和粒径配比等参数对相变蓄热材料压坯性能的影响。结果表明：高温复合相变蓄热材料在压制过程中，固相和液相组分不变，主要是气孔以及颗粒形状的宏观和微观变化；随着压制压力增加和保压时间的延长，试样密度逐渐增加，气孔率下降，强度随之增加；相变材料的宏观分布也较为均匀。Abstract: A novel high temperature composite phase change thermal storage material was prepared by one-way compression molding using aluminum powders as the phase change material. The phase change thermal storage materials were investigated by metallographic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mixability, surface morphology, microstructures, and constituent structure of phase change thermal storage materials were analyzed to study the preparation mechanism and influence factors in compacting process. At the same time, the liquidity, stacking density, and particle size ratio were also analyzed. The results show that, the constituents of solid and liquid phases are not changed during the compacting process, the macroscopic and microcosmic changes are mainly in the shape of pores and particles. With the pressure and holding time increasing, the density and intensity of materials increase, the porosity decreases, and the macroscopic distribution of materials are distributed uniformly.
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图 1 压制过程中试样变形量与压制压力的关系图
Figure 1. Relationship between specimen deformation compacting pressure in compacting process
图 2 试样质量与密度的关系图
Figure 2. Relationship between the mass and density of compaction samples
图 3 压制压力、试样质量和密度关系图
Figure 3. Relationship between the compacting pressure, mass, and density of compaction samples
图 4 压制压力4 MPa条件下试样质量与保压时间对试样密度的影响
Figure 4. Effects of the mass and holding time on the density of compaction samples at the compacting pressure of 4 MPa
图 5 粉末粒度与压制压力对试样密度的影响
Figure 5. Effects of the particle size and pressing pressure on the density of compaction samples
图 6 包含不同质量分数铝粉的试样金相组织形貌：（a）45%；（b）55%；（c）65%；（d）75%
Figure 6. Metallographic structures of compaction samples in different aluminum powder contents by mass: (a) 45%; (b) 45%; (c) 45%; (d) 45%
图 7 铝粉质量分数为70%试样的扫描电子显微形貌：（a）200倍颗粒形貌组织；（b）200倍背散射组织；（c）500倍颗粒形貌组织；（d）500倍背散射组织
Figure 7. Microstructures of compaction samples in the aluminium powder mass fraction of 70%: (a) SEM image in 200 times; (b) backscattered electron image in 200 times; (c) SEM image in 500 times; (d) backscattered electron image in 500 times
图 8 含质量分数70%铝粉试样的组织形貌和能谱分析：（a）组织形貌；（b）区域1处能谱图；（c）区域2处能谱图；（d）区域3处能谱图
Figure 8. Microstructures and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of compaction samples in the aluminium powder mass fraction of 70%: (a) SEM image; (b) EDS analysis in region 1; (c) EDS analysis in region 2; (d) EDS analysis in region 3
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