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摘要: 采用粉末冶金工艺制备了Mo-30W钼合金棒材, 通过拉伸力学性能测试、硬度测试、光学显微镜(optical microscope, OM)、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM) 及能量色散谱仪(energy dispersive spectrometer, EDS) 等测试分析手段, 研究了Mo-30W钼合金棒材的再结晶行为。结果表明, 由于W的固溶强化和变形强化, Mo-30W钼合金棒材在1600℃高温抗拉强度达到170MPa, 延伸率为10%, 高温力学性能得到明显提升; 在1300~1500℃范围内, 随着温度的升高, Mo-30W钼合金棒材强度和硬度先保持稳定然后显著下降; 在1500℃时, Mo-30W钼合金棒材发生了完全再结晶, 抗拉强度为385 MPa, 维氏硬度为HV10 185, 抗拉强度和硬度值达到最低。Abstract: Mo-30 W molybdenum alloy bar was prepared by powder metallurgy technology. The recrystallization behavior of Mo-30 W molybdenum alloy bar was analyzed by using tensile properties measurement, hardness measurement, optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results show that, the tensile strength of Mo-30 W molybdenum alloy bar at 1600 ℃ is 170 MPa and the elongation is 10% due to the solid solution strengthening and deformation strengthening of W, the high temperature mechanical properties are significantly improved. In the range of 1300~1500 ℃, the strength and hardness of Mo-30 W molybdenum alloy keep stable and then significantly decrease with the increase of temperature. The Mo-30 W molybdenum alloy are completely recrystallized at 1500 ℃, the tensile strength is 385 MPa, the Vickers hardness is HV10 185, and the tensile strength and hardness value reach the lowest.
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Key words:
- tungsten-molybdenum alloy /
- mechanical property /
- recrystallization /
- microstructures
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图 2 Mo-30W钼合金烧坯金相组织
Figure 2. Metallographic structures of Mo-30W alloy sintering compact
图 4 Mo-30W合金棒材断口显微形貌: (a) 室温; (b) 1600℃
Figure 4. SEM images of Mo-30W alloy: (a) room temperature; (b) 1600℃
图 5 Mo-30W钼合金棒材硬度与温度的关系
Figure 5. Relationship between hardness and temperature of Mo-30W alloy
图 6 Mo-30W钼合金棒材抗拉强度与温度的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between tensile strength and temperature of Mo-30W alloy
图 7 Mo-30W钼合金不同退火温度的显微组织: (a) 1300℃; (b) 1400℃; (c) 1450℃; (d) 1500℃
Figure 7. Microstructures of the Mo-30W alloy annealed at different temperatures: (a) 1300℃; (b) 1400℃; (c) 1450℃; (d) 1500℃
表 1 Mo-30W合金烧结态和锻造态的密度和硬度
Table 1. Density and hardness of the sintered and forged Mo-W30 alloy
试样 密度/(g·cm-3) 相对密度/% 硬度，HV10 烧结态 11.61 97.5 187 锻造态 11.86 99.6 252 
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表 2 Mo-30W合金室温和1600℃高温下的力学性能
Table 2. Mechanical properties of Mo-30W alloy at room temperature and 1600℃
温度/℃ 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率/% 室温 710 1 1600 170 10
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