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摘要: 为了解决盾构施工的泥饼问题，利用火焰喷涂在Q345钢板表面制备了石墨-镍涂层，通过摩擦磨损试验分析了涂层和无涂层试样与泥岩渣土的摩擦行为，研究了石墨-镍涂层对摩擦系数、表面磨损量和表面磨痕的影响。结果表明，干摩擦条件下，泥岩渣土与无涂层表面和涂层表面的摩擦系数分别为0.4和0.3；湿摩擦条件下，泥岩渣土与无涂层表面和涂层表面的摩擦系数分别为0.25和0.05。随着载荷从50 g增加到500 g，湿摩擦条件下涂层表面磨损量增加缓慢，干摩擦条件下涂层表面磨损量呈台阶式增加；在干摩擦条件下，随载荷增加，磨痕宽度和深度增加，局部出现犁沟形态。现场试验结果证实，滚刀刀桶端面火焰喷涂石墨-镍涂层能够有效抑制盾构在泥岩地质层施工过程中的刀盘结泥现象。Abstract: The graphite-nickel coatings on the surface of Q345 steel plates were prepared by flame spraying to solve the mud-caking problems of shield tunneling. The friction behaviors of Q345 steel samples with and without graphite-nickel coatings against mudstone compacts were analyzed by friction-wear tests, and the influences of graphite-nickel coatings on the friction coefficient, wear loss, wear scars were systemically studied. The results show that, the dry-friction coefficients of Q345 steel samples with and without graphite-nickel coatings against mudstone compacts are 0.4 and 0.3, respectively, and the wet-friction coefficients are 0.25 and 0.05, respectively. As the load increasing from 50 to 500 g, the wear loss of samples with coating increases slowly under the wet friction condition; while it takes a step-change upward under the dry friction condition. Under the dry friction condition, both width and depth of wear scar increase as increasing the load, and the furrows occur locally. The in-situ testing proves that the flame sprayed graphite-nickel coatings on the end surfaces of disc cutter barrels can effectively inhibit the mud-caking phenomena during shield tunneling in mudstone layers.
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Key words:
- coatings /
- mudstone /
- friction /
- wear /
- shield tunneling
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图 1 泥岩渣土（a）及摩擦磨损试验泥柱（b）
Figure 1. Mudstone sample (a) and fiction columns (b) used in friction-wear test
图 5 石墨‒镍涂层的磨损量与载荷的关系
Figure 5. Relationship between wear loss of graphite‒nickel coating and load
图 6 石墨‒镍涂层磨损表面微凸体的变形（a）与破裂（b）
Figure 6. Deforming (a) and breaking (b) of micro-bulges on wear surfaces of graphite‒nickel coatings
图 7 不同载荷石墨‒镍涂层表面干摩擦磨痕的形态
Figure 7. Wear scar morphology of graphite-nickel coating surfaces in dry friction condition under various loads
图 8 涂层（a）与无涂层（b）盾构刀桶端面的结泥形貌
Figure 8. Mud-caking morphology on the end surfaces of cutter barrels in shield machine with (a) and without (b) coating
表 1 摩擦磨损试验工艺参数
Table 1. Process parameters of friction-wear test
试件类型 载荷/ g 摩擦环境 涂层、无涂层 50、100、200、300、400、500 干摩擦、湿摩擦 
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表 2 试验用泥岩渣土的物质组成（质量分数）
Table 2. Compositions of mudstone used in friction-wear test
% 石英 方解石 钠长石 伊利石 绿泥石 50.63 2.51 15.71 15.37 15.78
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