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摘要: 综述了钛白粉制备的不同工艺，总结了硫酸法和氯化法在钛白粉制备中的优缺点，分析了传统硫酸法的水解过程以及氯化法中的气相氧化、内表面结疤等问题，展望了钛工业的发展趋势。结果表明，硫酸法制备钛白粉的技术日趋成熟，在实验室条件下，硫酸法中水解过程遇到的问题得以解决，但是在工业化生产时，无法做到兼顾优化水解和提高TiO2颜料的性能，难以满足工业生产需要。氯化法被认为是当今钛白粉制取技术的发展趋势，与硫酸法相比，氯化法有巨大的环保优势，而且易于实现连续化和自动化，经济效益较好。但是氯化法对生产技术和装备材料的要求高，关键设备结构复杂，在国内的推广受到限制。国内钛白粉产业应提升现有的硫酸法工艺水平，同时对硫酸法工艺向氯化法工艺转变做出调整，还需研发新的污染物处置技术和治理方法，实现钛白粉产业的可持续发展。Abstract: The preparation technology of titanium dioxide was summarized in this paper. The advantages and disadvantages of sulfuric acid method and chlorination process in titanium dioxide preparation were studied. The hydrolysis process in traditional sulfuric acid method and the gas phase oxidation and internal surface crustification in chlorination method were analyzed. The future development of the titanium industry was expected. In the results, the sulfuric acid method for titanium dioxide preparation is increasingly improved. In the laboratory conditions, the problem of hydrolysis process in sulfate acid method can be solved, but the combination between hydrolysis optimization and the improvement of TiO2 pigment performance can't be achieved in industrial production, which is difficult to meet the needs of industrial production. Compared with the sulfuric acid method, the chlorination process is considered as the development trend of titanium dioxide preparation, which shows the greater environmental advantages and better economic efficiency, and is easy to realize the continuous and automation production. The chlorination process has the high requirements for preparation technology and equipment materials, and the key equipment structure is complex, limiting the domestic promotion. Domestic titanium dioxide industry should improve the technological level of sulfuric acid process, make adjustments from sulfuric acid method to chlorination process, and develop new pollutant disposal technology and treatment methods to achieve the ustainable development of titanium dioxide industry.
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Key words:
- titanium dioxide /
- sulfuric acid method /
- chlorination process /
- titanium slag
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图 2 硫酸法制备钛白粉的工艺流程图
Figure 2. Process flow diagram of titanium dioxide preparation by sulfuric acid method
图 3 反应时间和初始TiOSO4含量对溶液中硫酸氧钛含量的影响
Figure 3. Influence of reaction time and initial TiOSO4 concentration on titanyl sulphate content in solution
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