Research progress on titanium and titanium alloys used as implant materials for human body
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摘要: 钛及其合金因其具有低密度、高比强度、低弹性模量、良好的生物相容性和耐蚀性等特点, 被认为是一种理想的人体植入金属材料, 广泛应用于骨关节替换、牙齿修复等方面, 且对其的需求量快速增长; 同时, 钛也存在骨整合率低、抗菌性差、耐磨性差等缺陷, 急需进一步研究和改进。本文介绍了钛及钛合金作为人体植入材料的优异特性, 概述了国内外关于新型β型钛合金、表面改性钛合金、多孔钛合金、钛-陶复合材料的研究进展, 总结了钛及钛合金材料存在的一些问题, 为新型钛及钛合金材料的设计研发, 钛及钛合金综合性能的优化, 钛及钛合金使用寿命的延长提供参考。Abstract: Titanium and titanium alloys are considered as an ideal metal material for human implants because of low density, high specific strength, low elasticity modulus, good biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance.It is widely used in joint replacement and dental restoration, and the demand for titanium and titanium alloys is increasing rapidly.However, the titanium and titanium alloys have the defects to be further studied and improved, such as low osseointegration rate, poor antibacterial property, and low wear resistance.The excellent properties of titanium and titanium alloys were introduced, the research progress on new β-type titanium alloys, surface-modified titanium alloys, porous titanium alloys, and titanium-ceramic composites alloys for human implant materials was summarized, and some problems in the development of titanium alloy materials were discussed in this paper, which provide the reference to design the new human implant materials, optimize the overall performance, and extend the service life of titanium and titanium alloys.
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图 3 添加不同质量分数NH4HCO3发泡剂制备的具有不同孔隙率的Ti–20Nb–15Zr钛合金显微形貌: (a) 0%NH4HCO3, 孔隙率6.06%; (b) 20%NH4HCO3, 孔隙率37.9%; (c) 35%NH4HCO3, 孔隙率50.5%; (d) 50%NH4HCO3, 孔隙率62.8%[16]
Figure 3. SEM images of Ti–20Nb–15Zr alloys in different porosities prepared by NH4HCO3 in different mass fractions as foaming agent: (a) 0%NH4HCO3, porosity 6.06%; (b) 20%NH4HCO3, porosity 37.9%; (c) 35%NH4HCO3, porosity 50.5%; (d) 50%NH4HCO3, porosity 62.8%[16]
图 4 多孔材料孔隙大小对细胞增殖行为的影响: (a) 50μm; (b) 100μm; (c) 150μm; (d) 200μm; (e) 300μm; (f)图(e)中孔内部结构[18]
Figure 4. Effect of pore sizes for porous materials on cell proliferation behavior: (a) 50μm; (b) 100μm; (c) 150μm; (d) 200μm; (e) 300μm; (f) the internal structure of pores in
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