Effect of ultrafine SiC particles on microstructure and property of milled nanocrystalline AZ91 magnesium alloys
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摘要: 通过机械球磨制备了SiC颗粒（SiCp）增强镁基复合材料粉末（AZ91‒xSiCp，x=5%、10%、15%，体积分数），实现了镁基体纳米化及亚微米级SiCp在镁基体中的均匀弥散分布，研究了SiCp对球磨后粉末微观组织的影响规律。结果表明，SiCp第二相的引入能够促进机械球磨过程中镁基体晶粒的细化，晶粒细化程度随SiCp体积分数的增加有所加强，同时SiCp含量的提高对Al元素在镁基体中的固溶及其自身颗粒的细化起到抑制作用。球磨后AZ91‒xSiCp（x=5%、10%、15%）复合粉末的硬度分别为HV 166、HV 175和HV 185，强化机制为细晶强化、弥散强化、固溶强化和承载强化，计算得到AZ91‒5%SiCp复合粉末不同强化机制所引起的强化效果占比分别为86.9%、7.4%、1.8%和3.8%。Abstract: The SiC particle (SiCp) reinforced magnesium matrix composite powders (AZ91‒xSiCp, x=5%, 10%, 15%, volume fraction) were synthesized by mechanical milling. After the mechanical milling, the grain size of the magnesium matrix was refined to nanoscale, and the ultrafine SiC particles were dispersed into the magnesium matrix uniformly. The effect of SiCp on the microstructure of the milled nanocrystalline AZ91 magnesium alloys was analyzed. In the results, SiCp could accelerate the refining of magnesium matrix. Meanwhile, both the dissolving of Al element into the magnesium matrix and the refining of SiCp are inhibited due to the increasing of SiCp. The hardness of AZ91‒xSiCp composites (x=5%, 10%, 15%) is HV 166, HV 175, and HV 185, respectively. The contribution ratio of grain boundary strengthening, Orowan strengthening, solid solution strengthening, and load-bearing strengthening to the milled AZ91‒xSiCp composites is about 86.9%, 7.4%, 1.8% and 3.8%, respectively.
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图 1 商用AZ91镁合金显微组织和成分分析：（a）光学显微形貌；（b）和（c）扫描电子显微形貌；（d）～（f）图1（c）中A、B、C位置处能谱分析
Figure 1. Microstructure and composition of the commercial AZ91 magnesium alloys: (a) OM image; (b) and (c) SEM images; (d)~(f) EDS analysis of points A, B, and C in Fig. 1(c)
图 2 初始粉末形貌：（a）SiCp粉末；（b）AZ91镁合金粉末
Figure 2. Morphology of the initial powders: (a) SiCp; (b) AZ91 magnesium alloys
图 3 球磨后AZ91‒xSiCp（x=5%、10%、15%，体积分数）复合粉末显微形貌及SiCp尺寸分布：（a）AZ91‒5%SiCp复合粉末显微形貌；（b）AZ91‒5%SiCp复合粉末中SiCp尺寸分布；（c）AZ91‒10%SiCp复合粉末显微形貌；（d）；AZ91‒10%SiCp复合粉末中SiCp尺寸分布；（e）AZ91‒15%SiCp复合粉末显微形貌；（e）；AZ91‒15%SiCp复合粉末中SiCp尺寸分布
Figure 3. SEM image and SiC particle size distribution of the milled AZ91‒xSiCp (x=5%, 10%, 15%, volume fraction) composite powders: (a) SEM image of the milled AZ91‒5%SiCp composite powders; (b) SiC particle size distribution of the milled AZ91‒5%SiCp composite powders; (c) SEM image of the milled AZ91‒10%SiCp composite powders; (d) SiC particle size distribution of the milled AZ91‒10%SiCp composite powders; (e) SEM image of the milled AZ91‒15%SiCp composite powders; (f) SiC particle size distribution of the milled AZ91‒15%SiCp composite powders;
图 4 球磨前后AZ91镁合金及复合粉末X射线衍射图谱
Figure 4. X-ray diffraction patterns of the AZ91 magnesium alloys and the composite powders before and after milling
图 5 球磨后AZ91镁合金及复合粉末镁基体晶粒尺寸
Figure 5. Grain sizes of the AZ91 magnesium alloys and the magnesium matrix in the composite powders after milling
图 6 球磨前后AZ91镁合金及复合粉末镁相的晶格常数
Figure 6. Lattice parameters of the magnesium phase in the AZ91 magnesium alloys and the composite powders before and after milling
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