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摘要: 以微米Al2O3为主要原料，微米金属Cr和W为主要添加物，采用热压烧结工艺改性制备了机器人覆盖件用氧化铝挤压金属陶瓷模具材料，研究了该金属陶瓷模具材料的强度、断裂韧性、硬度及耐磨性等力学性能，并分析了该材料磨损试样表面的微观结构。结果表明：当微米Al2O3添加量（质量分数）为65%，金属Cr和W添加量均为12.5%，烧结温度为1640 ℃时，所制备的试样综合性能最佳，其中相对密度为99.8%，抗弯强度为805.6 MPa，断裂韧性为14.5 MPa·m1/2，硬度为11.2 GPa；金属W和Cr形成的金属第二相在摩擦磨损过程中能产生机械冷焊作用，大大提高了模具材料的耐磨性能。Abstract: The alumina extruded metal-ceramic die materials used for the robot cover were prepared by the hot-pressing sintering, using the micro-size Al2O3 as the main material and the micro-size Cr and W as the main additives. The strength, fracture toughness, hardness, and wear resistance of the metal-ceramic die materials were studied, and the wear surface microstructure of the materials was analyzed. The results show that, when the mass fraction of the micro-size Al2O3 is 65%, the mass fractions of the micro-size W and Cr are both 12.5%, and the sintering temperature are 1640 ℃, the prepared samples can achieve the best combination properties, as the relative density, bending strength, fracture toughness, and hardness is 99.8%, 805.6 MPa, 14.5 MPa·m1/2, and 11.2 GPa respectively. At the same time, the second phases formed by metal W and Cr can produce the mechanical cold welding in the process of friction and wear, which greatly improves the wear resistance of the die materials.
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Key words:
- metal ceramic /
- hot-pressing sintering /
- mechanical properties /
- friction and wear
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图 1 金属陶瓷模具材料相对密度随烧结温度变化曲线
Figure 1. Relationship on the relative density and the sintering temperature of the metal-ceramic die materials
图 2 金属陶瓷模具材料抗弯强度随烧结温度变化曲线
Figure 2. Relationship on the bending strength and the sintering temperature of the metal-ceramic die materials
图 3 金属陶瓷模具材料断裂韧性随烧结温度变化曲线
Figure 3. Relationship on the fracture toughness and the sintering temperature of the metal-ceramic die materials
图 4 金属陶瓷模具材料硬度随烧结温度变化曲线
Figure 4. Relationship on the hardness and the sintering temperature of the metal-ceramic die materials
图 5 金属陶瓷模具材料磨损率随磨擦载荷变化曲线
Figure 5. Relationship on the wear loss rate and the friction load of the metal-ceramic die materials
图 6 J2试样经1640 ℃烧结后磨损表面扫描电子显微形貌
Figure 6. Wear surface SEM image of J2 sample sintered at 1640 ℃
表 1 实验用金属陶瓷模具材料化学组成(质量分数)
Table 1. Chemical composition of the experimental metal-ceramic die materials
% 试样编号 Al2O3 W Cr Mo Y2O3 合计 J1 70 10.0 10.0 9 1 100 J2 65 12.5 12.5 9 1 100 J3 60 15.0 15.0 9 1 100 J4 55 17.5 17.5 9 1 100 
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