Effect of powder sizes on the mechanical properties of porous titanium sheets prepared by rolling and sintering process
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摘要: 对不同粒度钛粉的流动性、松装密度和振实密度进行分析, 经轧制和烧结制备出满足湿法冶金需求的多孔钛板, 研究了钛粉粒度对轧制烧结多孔钛板力学性能的影响。结果表明: 轧制烧结多孔钛板的最大孔径和孔隙度随钛粉粒度的减小而减小, 钛板密度、剪切强度、抗弯强度、抗拉强度及伸长率均随钛粉粒度的减小有所增加; 当钛粉粒度范围为89~104 μm时, 粉末轧制烧结多孔钛板的综合力学性能较高。Abstract: The fluidity, loose packing density, and vibrating density of titanium powders with different powder sizes were studied and analyzed, and the porous titanium sheets were prepared by rolling and sintering using the corresponding titanium powders to meet the demand of hydrometallurgy. Effect of the powder sizes on the mechanical properties of the porous titanium sheets were detailed discussed. The results show that, the maximum pore size and porosity of titanium sheets decrease with the decrease of powder size, while the density shows an opposite trend, and the tensile strength, elongation, shear strength, and bending strength of the porous titanium sheets increase with the decrease of powder size. The porous sheets prepared by the titanium powder size ranging from 89 μm to 104 μm exhibit the better comprehensive mechanical properties.
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Key words:
- rolling /
- sintering /
- porous material /
- titanium sheets /
- powder size /
- mechanical properties
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图 2 粉末轧制法制备多孔钛板的流程图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the porous titanium sheets by rolling and sintering
图 3 不同粒度粉末轧制板坯和烧结板材的微观孔隙形貌图：（a）104~150 μm钛粉轧制板坯；（b）104~150 μm钛粉烧结板材；（c）44~74 μm钛粉轧制板坯；(d) 44~74 μm钛粉烧结板材
Figure 3. Microstructures of the rolled and sintered sheets with different titanium powder sizes: (a) rolled sheets prepared by titanium powders in the size of 104~150 μm; (b) sintered sheets prepared by titanium powders in the size of 104~150 μm; (c) rolled sheets prepared by titanium powders in the size of 44~74 μm; (d) sintered sheets prepared by titanium powders in the size of 44~74 μm
图 5 不同粒度钛粉轧制烧结多孔钛板的剪切应力应变曲线
Figure 5. Shear stress-strain curves of the porous titanium sheets prepared by rolling and sintering with different particle sizes
表 1 钛粉化学成分（质量分数）
Table 1. Chemical composition of titanium powders
% C H O N Fe Si Ti 0.011 0.026 0.120 0.013 0.070 0.030 余量 
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表 2 不同粒度钛粉的粉末性能
Table 2. Properties of the titanium powders with different sizes
粒度/μm 松装密度/
(g·cm−3)振实密度/
(g·cm−3)流动性/
[s·(50g) −1]104~150 1.13 1.78 43.40 89~104 1.29 1.90 45.20 74~89 1.30 1.96 57.50 44~74 1.02 2.00 —
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表 3 不同粒度钛粉轧制多孔钛板所需轧制力以及钛板的厚度、密度及孔隙度
Table 3. Green rolling force, thickness, density, and porosity of the porous titanium sheets by rolling and sintering with different particle sizes
粒度/μm 生坯轧制成形最小压力/t 厚度/
mm密度/(g·cm−3) 孔隙度/
%最大孔径/
μm104~150 171 3.06 2.84 37.45 39.0 89~104 168 2.53 3.07 32.38 33.6 74~89 162 2.17 3.30 27.31 33.0 44~74 159 1.90 3.55 21.81 32.0
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表 4 不同粒度钛粉轧制烧结多孔钛板的拉伸性能
Table 4. Tensile properties of the porous titanium sheets by rolling and sintering with different particle sizes
粉末粒度/μm 抗拉强度/MPa 伸长率/% 104~150 73.4 ± 1.2 0.82 ± 0.08 89~104 75.7 ± 1.6 0.98 ± 0.04 74~89 80.1 ± 4.3 1.12 ± 0.06 44~74 105.0 ± 8.0 1.08 ± 0.21
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表 5 不同粒度钛粉的轧制烧结多孔钛板厚度
Table 5. Thickness of the porous titanium sheets prepared by rolling and sintering with different particle sizes
粉末粒度/μm 厚度/mm 104~150 2.53 89~104 2.00 74~89 1.90
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表 6 不同粒度钛粉轧制烧结多孔钛板的剪切强度
Table 6. Shear strength of the porous titanium sheets prepared by rolling and sintering with different particle sizes
粉末粒度/μm 剪切强度/MPa 104~150 69.38 89~104 156.21 74~89 161.60
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表 7 不同粒度钛粉的轧制烧结多孔钛板抗弯性能
Table 7. Bending properties of the porous titanium sheets prepared by rolling and sintering with different particle sizes
粉末粒度/μm 载荷/N 抗弯强度/MPa 弯曲角/(º) 104~150 153.55 113.57 10.0 89~104 140.27 174.17 18.5 74~89 150.06 118.00 14.0 44~74 152.07 128.10 10.0
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表 8 104~89 μm的钛粉轧制烧结多孔钛板的弯曲强度
Table 8. Bending strength of the porous titanium sheets prepared by rolling and sintering with the particle sizes of 89~104 μm
粉末粒度/μm 弯曲试样的宽度/mm 载荷/N 抗弯强度/MPa 弯曲角/(º) 89~104 15.20 95.70 118.06 18 89~104 15.20 140.23 159.93 20 89~104 15.10 142.63 170.23 16
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