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摘要: 采用粉末冶金技术制备WC-15%TiC-6%Co硬质合金(质量分数), 通过控制氮气压力、固相烧结温度和烧结时间对合金进行渗氮烧结, 得到表层富立方相WC-TiC-Co功能梯度硬质合金。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪研究硬质合金梯度区域的微观组织、物相组成及元素分布。结果表明: 制备的WC-TiC-Co硬质合金梯度层厚度大于20 μm, 并且表层富含Ti元素和N元素, 其组成形式为Ti(C0.7, N0.3)。Abstract: The WC-15%TiC-6%Co cemented carbides by mass were prepared by powder metallurgy, and the functionally graded cemented carbides of WC-TiC-Co with cubic rich surface were obtained by nitriding sintering in the control of nitrogen pressure, solid sintering temperature, and sintering time. The microstructures, phase constitution, and element distribution in graded zone of WC-TiC-Co alloys were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The results show that, the graded layer of WC-TiC-Co alloys with cubic rich surface has a thickness of more than 20 μm, which is rich in titanium and nitrogen as a form of cubic Ti(C0.7, N0.3) phase.
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图 3 样品1横截面微观组织及元素分布：（a）微观形貌；（b）W；（c）Ti；（d）Co；（e）；N
Figure 3. Microstructures and element distribution in transverse section of sample 1: (a) microstructure; (b) W; (c) Ti; (d) Co; (e) N
图 4 固相烧结温度对功能梯度硬质合金微观组织和成分的影响：（a）样品1显微形貌；（b）样品1能谱分析；（c）样品2显微形貌；（d）样品2能谱分析
Figure 4. Effect of solid sintering temperature on the microstructure and composition of the functionally graded cemented carbides: (a) SEM image of sample 1; (b) EDS of sample 1; (c) SEM image of sample 2; (d) EDS of sample 2
图 5 固相烧结时间对功能梯度硬质合金微观组织的影响：（a）样品1；（b）样品3
Figure 5. Effect of solid sintering time on the microstructure of the functionally graded cemented carbides: (a) sample 1; (b) sample 3
图 6 氮气压力对功能梯度硬质合金微观组织的影响：（a）样品1；（b）样品4
Figure 6. Effect of nitrogen pressure on the microstructure of the functionally graded cemented carbides: (a) sample 1; (b) sample 4
表 1 YT15硬质合金烧结参数
Table 1. Sintering parameters of YT15 cemented carbides
样品 固相烧结温度/℃ 固相烧结时间/h 氮气压力/kPa 1 1100 2.0 3 2 1200 2.0 3 3 1100 2.5 3 4 1100 2.0 1 
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