Research progress in the preparation of particle-reinforced magnesium matrix composites by powder metallurgy
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摘要: 概述了粉末冶金法制备颗粒增强镁基复合材料的研究进展, 介绍了颗粒增强镁基复合材料的常用基体和微米级、纳米级增强体。重点阐述了粉末冶金法制备颗粒增强镁基复合材料的工艺, 包括增强体预处理工艺、混合粉体成形工艺及烧结工艺。总结了粉末冶金制备工艺对复合材料组织与力学性能的影响规律, 包括增强体-基体界面结合情况的研究和颗粒增强体强化机制的探究。最后, 对粉末冶金法制备颗粒增强镁基复合材料的发展前景进行了展望, 并提出改进措施。Abstract: The research and development of particle-reinforced magnesium matrix composites prepared by powder metallurgy were summarized in this paper, the substrate and the micron-scale/nanoscale reinforcements commonly used for the particle-reinforced magnesium matrix composites were introduced. The powder metallurgy process was systematically described, including the pretreatment process of reinforcements, the molding process of mixed powders, and sintering process. The influence of powder metallurgy technology on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite was investigated, including the interface bonding between reinforcement and matrix and the particle reinforcement strengthening mechanism. Finally, the development prospect for the preparation of the particle-reinforced magnesium matrix composites by powder metallurgy was expected, and the improvement measures were proposed.
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图 1 常见粉末冶金法制备镁基复合材料工艺流程图
Figure 1. Process flowchart of the magnesium matrix composites prepared by powder metallurgy method
表 1 几种常用镁合金和其他材料的力学性能[9]
Table 1. Mechanical properties of the common magnesium alloys and other materials[9]
材料名称 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率/% 弹性模量/GPa 比强度 铸态镁合金AZ31 251 13.8 45 141 铸态镁合金AZ91 280 8.0 45 187 铸态镁合金AM60 270 15.0 45 180 塑料ABS 35 40.0 21 41 聚碳酸酯（PC） 104 3.0 67 102 铸态铝合金A380 315 3.0 71 106 铸态45钢 517 22.0 200 80 
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