Influence of temperature on the oxidation behaviors of the nickel-based superalloy powders
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摘要: 通过化学分析、扫描电子显微镜观察、X射线衍射分析及X射线光电子能谱分析等方法, 研究了温度对镍基高温合金粉末氧化行为的影响。结果表明, 室温条件下, 粉末氧含量(质量分数)较低(0.012%), 粉末表面发生部分氧化, 表面存在Ni、Cr、Ti等元素的单质态和以Ni (OH)2、Cr2O3、TiO2为主的氧化物/氢氧化物; 当温度上升至150 ℃, 氧含量增加不明显; 随着温度进一步提高至250 ℃, 粉末氧含量明显增加, 达到0.034%, 粉末表面全部氧化, 表面主要由Ni (OH)2、Cr2O3、TiO2组成。温度对镍基高温合金粉末氧化行为影响显著, 合理控制温度可以获得低氧含量的粉末, 本研究所用镍基高温合金粉末大气条件下最高处理温度为150 ℃。Abstract: Influence of temperature on the oxidation behaviors of the nickel-based superalloy powders was investigated by chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicate that the oxygen content by mass fraction of the nickel-based superalloy powders is 0.012% at room temperature (RT). The oxidation layer partly covers the powder surface in the formation of metallic element (Ni, Cr, Ti) and oxidation state (Ni(OH)2, Cr2O3, TiO2). With the increase of temperature from RT to 150 ℃, the oxygen content seems stable. As the temperature rises to 250 ℃, the oxygen content by mass fraction is 0.034%, showing the obviously increase. The powder surface is completely covered by the oxidation layer at 250 ℃, which is mainly composed of Ni(OH)2, Cr2O3, and TiO2. The elevated temperature significantly affects the oxidation behaviors of the nickel-based superalloy powders, the reasonable control of temperature can obtain the powders with low oxygen content. In this study, the maximum post-process temperature of the nickel-based superalloy powders exposed to the air is 150 ℃.
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Key words:
- nickel-based superalloy /
- powders /
- oxidation /
- temperature
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图 1 不同热处理温度下镍基高温合金粉末的氧含量(质量分数)
Figure 1. Oxygen mass fraction of the nickel-based superalloy powders at the different thermal treatment temperatures
图 2 不同热处理温度下镍基高温合金粉末表面显微形貌：(a) 25 ℃；(b) 150 ℃；(c) 250 ℃
Figure 2. Surface microstructure of the nickel-based superalloy powders at the different thermal treatment temperatures: (a) 25 ℃; (b) 150 ℃; (c) 250 ℃
图 3 不同热处理温度下镍基高温合金粉末的X射线衍射图谱
Figure 3. XRD patterns of the nickel-based superalloy powders at the different thermal treatment temperatures
图 4 镍基高温合金粉末X射线光电子能谱全谱
Figure 4. XPS survey spectrum of the nickel-based superalloy powders
图 5 不同热处理温度下镍基高温合金粉末表面Ni 2p窄能量扫描X射线光电子能谱图
Figure 5. XPS narrow scans for Ni 2p peak of the nickel-based superalloy powders at the different thermal treatment temperatures
图 6 不同热处理温度下镍基高温合金粉末表面Ti 2p窄能量扫描X射线光电子能谱图
Figure 6. XPS narrow scans for Ti 2p peak of the nickel-based superalloy powders at the different thermal treatment temperatures
图 7 不同热处理温度下镍基高温合金粉末表面Cr 2p窄能量扫描X射线光电子能谱图
Figure 7. XPS narrow scans for Cr 2p peak of the nickel-based superalloy powders at the different thermal treatment temperatures
表 1 不同热处理温度下镍基高温合金粉末能谱分析
Table 1. EDS analysis of the nickel-based superalloy powders at the different thermal treatment temperatures
温度/ ℃ 元素质量分数/% C O Al Ti Cr Mn Co Ni 25 5.08 0 2.51 3.10 15.07 0.40 11.79 62.05 150 6.79 0 2.70 2.77 14.79 0.48 11.70 60.77 250 7.62 1.27 2.18 2.25 15.22 0.47 11.45 59.54 
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