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摘要: 采用气水耦合雾化法制备了含有质量分数0.4%稀土Ce的硅黄铜预合金粉末, 在680~720 ℃热压烧结预合金粉末, 获得了致密烧结体。通过洛氏硬度计测试烧结体硬度为HRB62~65, 使用万能力学实验机测试烧结体抗弯强度为530~550 MPa, 利用扫描电子显微镜观察烧结体基体微观组织为α相黄铜, 组织中还存在蠕虫状及花状的弥散银灰色(β'+γ)相。选择添加质量分数20%的硅黄铜预合金粉末配方(铁粉+铜粉+锌粉+预合金粉末)制备花岗岩切割用金刚石刀头, 与单质粉末混合配方(铁粉+铜粉+锌粉)制备的刀头相比, 添加硅黄铜预合金粉末的刀头硬度增加22%, 抗弯强度降低8%, 刀头锋利度和使用寿命整体提升, 胎体磨粒夹杂减少, 并出现大量排屑沟槽。Abstract: The silicon brass pre-alloyed powder with 0.4% Ce by mass was prepared by gas-water coupling atomization method. The dense sintered body were obtained by hot pressing sintering at 680~720 ℃. The hardness of the sintered body is HRB 62~65 tested by Rockwell hardness tester, and the bending strength is 530~550 MPa tested by the universal testing machine. The microstructure of the sintered body is consisted of the brass phase (α phase) and the vermicular and flower-like dispersed silver gray (β′ + γ) phases observed by scanning electron microscope. The diamond cutting segment for granites were prepared by the mixed powders of iron powder + copper powder + zinc powder + 20% silicon brass pre-alloyed powder by mass. Compared with the cutting segment prepared by the elemental powders (iron powder + copper powder + zinc powder), the hardness of the cutting segment prepared by the mixed powders with silicon brass pre-alloyed powder increases by 22% and the bending strength decreases by 8%. The sharpness and service life of the cutting segment with silicon brass pre-alloyed powder were improved, and the matrix was characterized by the reduction of abrasive inclusions and a large number of chip removal grooves.
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Key words:
- pre-alloyed powder /
- sintering /
- diamond tool /
- sharpness /
- service life
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图 2 两种配方粉末热压烧结工艺
Figure 2. Hot pressure sintering process of the powders in two formulas
图 3 硅黄铜预合金粉末烧结体背散射电子图像
Figure 3. Backscattered electron morphology of the sintered body using the silicon brass pre-alloyed powder
图 4 两种配方混合粉末制备金刚石刀头的三点抗弯曲线
Figure 4. Three point bending resistance of the diamond cutting segment prepared by two formulas of the mixture powders
图 5 两种配方混合粉末制备金刚石刀头的摩擦磨损
Figure 5. Friction and wear of the diamond cutting segment prepared by two formulas of the mixture powders
图 6 两种配方胎体对金刚石把持状况：(a)配方一；(b)配方二
Figure 6. Holding force of matrix to the diamond prepared by two formulas of the mixture powders: (a) the first formula; (b) the second formula
表 1 实验用硅黄铜预合金粉末化学成分(质量分数)
Table 1. Chemical composition of the silicon brass pre-alloyed powders in experiment
% Cu Zn Si Ce 68 30 1.6 0.4 
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表 2 制备金刚石刀头用粉末配方(质量分数)
Table 2. Components of the powders used in the diamond cutting segment
% 成分 Fe Cu Zn 硅黄铜预合金粉末 配方一 60 30 10 — 配方二 60 18 2 20
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表 3 硅黄铜预合金粉末烧结样块物理性能
Table 3. Physical properties of the sintered body using the silicon brass pre-alloyed powders
烧结温度/℃ 硬度，HRB 抗弯强度/MPa 680~720 62~65 530~550
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位置 质量分数/% Cu Zn Sn Si Ce 1 69.47 27.86 1.27 0.74 0.66 2 55.84 22.68 1.82 13.35 6.31 3 51.37 30.38 2.09 9.36 6.44
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表 5 两种配方混合粉末制备金刚石刀头的物理性能
Table 5. Physical properties of the diamond cutting segment prepared by two formulas of the mixture powders
材料 洛氏硬度，HRB 抗弯强度/MPa 配方一 45~48 860~900 配方二 55~58 800~820
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