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摘要: 针对我国钴资源稀缺及传统WC–Co硬质合金在腐蚀介质与高温环境下应用所存在的缺陷,总结了一系列性能良好的少钴/无钴WC材料,包括以其他金属或金属间化合物替代Co作为粘结剂的WC硬质合金,不添加任何粘结剂的纯WC材料以及由陶瓷相增强的WC复合材料,讨论了少钴/无钴WC材料的优缺点,并展望了其发展趋势。Abstract: In view of the scarcity of cobalt resources in China and the deficiency of the traditional WC–Co cemented carbides serving in the corrosive medium and high temperature environments, a series of cobalt-less/cobalt-free WC-based materials with good performance was summarized, including the WC-based cemented carbides with other metals or intermetallic compounds instead of Co, the pure WC, and the WC composites reinforced by ceramic phases. The advantages and disadvantages of the cobalt-less/cobalt-free WC-based materials were discussed, and the development trend was forecasted.
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Key words:
- cemented carbides /
- tungsten carbides /
- research progress /
- mechanical properties
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图 11 烧结WC–Si3N4复合材料压痕裂纹形貌以及β-Si3N4晶须增韧机制[22]:(a)压痕形貌;(b)裂纹扩展路径;(c)裂纹桥接;(d)晶须拔出
Figure 11. SEM images of the indentation cracks of the sintered WC–Si3N4 composites and the toughening mechanism of Si3N4 whisker[22]: (a) indentation morphology; (b) crack propagation path; (c) crack bridging; (d) whisker pullout
表 1 WC块体材料原料粒径、烧结温度与力学性能[16]
Table 1. Raw material particle size, sintering temperature, and mechanical properties of the WC bulk specimens[16]
粉末粒径 / nm 烧结温度 / ℃ 密度 / (g·cm−3) 平均晶粒尺寸 / nm 硬度, HV10 / GPa 横向断裂强度 / MPa 断裂韧性 / (MPa·m1/2) 800 1750 15.65 800 24.81 1276.0 6.14 800 2000 15.60 2000 21.44 1429.0 6.62 200 1750 15.36 200 24.69 853.1 5.24 100 1900 15.39 100 25.20 861.7 4.48 -
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