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摘要: 采用粉末冶金技术制备了SiCp/Al复合材料，探讨了SiC颗粒质量分数对SiCp/Al复合材料密度、布氏硬度、微观形貌以及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明，SiC颗粒表面形成了少量可提高界面结合性的Al4C3化合物。随着SiC质量分数增加，SiCp/Al复合材料的密度没有明显的变化，当SiC质量分数增加至25%时，密度明显下降。SiCp/Al复合材料的布氏硬度随着SiC质量分数的增加呈先增长后减小的变化趋势。当SiC质量分数为20%时，材料的硬度最优（HBW 114），平均摩擦系数达到最大值（0.3425），摩擦后试样表面形貌平整且犁沟较浅，SiC颗粒未出现明显剥落。Abstract: The SiCp/Al composites were prepared by the powder metallurgy technology, and the influences of SiC particle mass fraction on the density, Brinell hardness, microstructure, friction, and wear of the SiCp/Al composites were investigated. The results show that, a small amount of Al4C3 compounds can be formed on the surface of SiC particles, improving the bonding properties. With the increase of SiC mass fraction, the density of the SiCp/Al composites has no obvious change, when the SiC mass fraction increases to 25%, the density decreases obviously. The Brinell hardness of the SiCp/Al composites increases first and then decreases with the increase of SiC mass fraction. When SiC mass fraction is 20%, the optimal Brinell hardness is HBW 114 and the average friction coefficient can reach to the maximum as 0.3425, the surface morphology after friction is flat and shallow furrows, and the SiC particles has not obvious spalling.
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Key words:
- SiC particles /
- SiCp/Al composites /
- density /
- hardness /
- friction /
- wear
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图 4 添加不同质量分数SiC的SiCp/Al复合材料的扫描电子显微形貌：（a）10%；（b）15%；（c）20%；（d）25%
Figure 4. SEM images of the SiCp/Al composites with different mass fraction of SiC: (a) 10%; (b) 15%; (c) 20%; (d) 25%
图 5 添加不同质量分数SiC的SiCp/Al复合材料的摩擦系数曲线
Figure 5. Friciton coefficient curves of the SiCp/Al composites with different mass fraction of SiC
图 7 添加不同质量分数SiC的SiCp/Al复合材料的摩擦表面形貌：（a）10%；（b）15%；（c）20%；（d）25%
Figure 7. Wear surface morphology of SiCp/Al composites with different mass fraction of SiC: (a) 10%; (b) 15%; (c) 20%; (d) 25%
表 1 SiCp/Al复合材料的配比组成（质量分数）
Table 1. Composition of the SiCp/Al samples
% 试样 Al Cu Si Mn SiC Mg 1# 70 10 8 1.5 10 0.5 2# 65 10 8 1.5 15 0.5 3# 60 10 8 1.5 20 0.5 4# 55 10 8 1.5 25 0.5 
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