Effect of powder sintering on microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium‒scandium alloys
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摘要: 在惰性气氛下，经500 ℃烧结2 h和300 ℃挤压制得镁钪合金，并对其进行微观组织观察和力学性能测试。结果表明：粉末烧结镁钪合金的相组成主要为基体Mg相，未发现Mg‒Sc相生成。在粉末烧结过程中，钪元素在镁基体中发生扩散，明显改善界面结合形式，提高了镁钪界面的结合性。当钪质量分数为1.0%时，镁钪合金的伸长率达到10.37%，提高了61%。在拉伸试样断口处发现大量韧窝存在，说明烧结处理可明显提高镁钪合金的韧性。Abstract: Magnesium‒scandium (Mg‒Sc) alloys were prepared by powder sintering at 500 ℃ for 2 h and extrusion at 300 ℃ under the inert atmosphere. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the Mg‒Sc alloys were investigated. The results show that, the phase composition of the Mg‒Sc alloys is mainly Mg phase, and no Mg‒Sc phase is detected. Due to the diffusion of Sc element in the Mg matrix during the sintering process, the interfacial combination is significantly improved, and the interface bonding between Mg and Sc particles is increased. The elongation of the sintered Mg‒Sc alloys with the Sc mass fraction of 1.0% is 10.37%, which is increased by 61%. In addition, a large number of dimples are observed at the tensile fracture, indicating that sintering can improve the toughness of the Mg‒Sc alloys.
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Key words:
- Mg−Sc alloys /
- powder sintering /
- microstructure /
- mechanical properties
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图 1 烧结和未烧结镁钪合金X射线图谱
Figure 1. XRD patterns of the sintered and un-sintered Mg‒Sc alloys
图 2 Mg‒Sc合金显微形貌：（a）低倍，未烧结；（b）低倍，烧结；（c）高倍，未烧结；（d）高倍，烧结
Figure 2. SEM images of the Mg‒Sc alloys: (a) low magnification, un-sintered; (b) low magnification, sintered; (c) high magnification, un-sintered; (d) high magnification, sintered
图 3 Mg‒Sc合金能谱分析：（a）A区；（b）B区；（c）C区；（d）D区
Figure 3. Energy spectrum analysis of the Mg‒Sc alloys: (a) region A; (b) region B; (c) region C; (d) region D
图 4 Mg‒Sc合金显微形貌（a）及线扫描分析（b）
Figure 4. SEM image (a) and line scan analysis (b) of the Mg‒Sc alloys
图 5 未烧结和烧结Mg‒Sc合金拉伸应力‒应变曲线
Figure 5. Ttensile stress‒strain curves of the un-sintered and sintered Mg‒Sc alloys
图 6 Mg‒Sc合金拉伸试样断口形貌照片：（a）低倍；（b）局部放大
Figure 6. Fracture morphologies of the Mg‒Sc alloy tensile specimens: (a) low magnification; (b) local magnified view
图 7 Mg‒Sc合金断裂机制示意图：（a）原始模型；（b）局部放大模型；（c）受力模型；（d）断裂模型
Figure 7. Schematic view of the fractured mechanism for the Mg‒Sc alloys: (a) original; (b) local magnified view; (c) under load; (d) fracture
表 1 实验原料纯度及尺寸
Table 1. Purity and size of the raw materials in the experiment
原材料 纯度，质量分数 / % 尺寸 / μm 镁粉 ＞99.9 20～60 钪粉 ＞99.95 120～160 
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表 2 镁钪合金试样元素成分（质量分数）
Table 2. Element composition of the Mg‒Sc alloy samples %
工艺 Mg‒Sc合金 Sc Mg 未烧结 Mg‒1.0%Sc 0.98 余量 Mg‒2.0%Sc 1.98 余量 烧结 Mg‒1.0%Sc 0.96 余量 Mg‒2.0%Sc 2.01 余量
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