Metal additive manufacturing technology for emergency maintenance of field equipment
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摘要: 金属增材制造技术具有利用率高、柔性高及快速性等特点，如果将其用于野外装备应急维修，将能有效克服传统装备应急维修方法的缺陷，提升野外装备的应急保障能力。本文对常见金属增材制造技术的成形效率、成形精度、力学性能进行对比，结合金属增材制造技术在国内外装备维修领域的应用现状以及野外装备应急维修的特点，从成形质量、成形能力、设备机动性以及抗干扰能力等几个方面展开分析，得出激光熔覆沉积以及电弧熔丝技术更适用于野外装备应急维修。最后就激光熔覆沉积以及电弧熔丝技术应用于野外装备应急维修亟待解决的问题以及今后发展趋势展开讨论。Abstract: Metal additive manufacturing technology can be used for the emergency maintenance of field equipment and shows the characteristics of high-usage, high flexibility, and rapidity, which may effectively overcome the defects of the traditional equipment emergency maintenance and improve the emergency support capability of field equipment. The forming efficiency, forming accuracy, and mechanical property of the common metal additive manufacturing technology were compared in this paper. Combined with the application status at home and aboard of the metal additive manufacturing technology in the field of equipment maintenance and the characteristics of the emergency maintenance of field equipment, the forming quality, forming ability, equipment mobility, and anti-jamming ability were analyzed. The conclusion was shown that the laser cladding deposition (LCD) and wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) were more suitable for the emergency maintenance of field equipment. Finally, the existing problems and the future trends of LCD and WAAM used for the mergency maintenance of field equipment were discussed.
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表 1 金属增材制造技术成形效率对比
Table 1. Comparison of the forming efficiency for the metal additive manufacturing techniques
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表 2 金属增材制造技术成形精度对比
Table 2. Comparison of the forming precision for the metal additive manufacturing techniques
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表 3 金属增材制造技术适用性分析
Table 3. Suitability analysis of metal additive manufacturing technology
工艺 成形质量 成形效率 成形能力 设备机动性 抗干扰能力 尺寸精度 粗糙度 力学性能 选择性激光熔化 A A A D C D D 激光熔覆沉积 C D B B A B B 电子束成形 B B B C C D D 电子束熔丝 D C C A B C A 电弧熔丝 D C C A A A A 注：“A”表示优异，“B”表示良好，“C”表示中等，“D”表示较差
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