Influence of inclination parameters for axial‒radial combined structure on silicon nitride particles mixing prepared by dry method
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摘要: 针对干法制粒氮化硅室内混合效果不佳、颗粒球形度较差等问题，研究了开启涡轮式轴-径组合结构倾角参数对干法制备氮化硅颗粒混合效果的影响，建立了欧拉‒欧拉气固两相流数学模型并简化轴‒径组合结构制粒室物理模型，采用计算流体力学方法分析了轴向结构在不同倾斜角度下制粒室内氮化硅颗粒的体积分布与速度场，通过实验检测了氮化硅颗粒球形度，从侧面验证了数值模拟结果的准确性。数值模拟结果表明，当倾角为45°时，氮化硅颗粒体积分数处于0.3～0.7之间（占比28%），相比于倾角为30°、60°时，有较好的循环流动性，混合效果最佳。实验结果证实，当轴‒径组合结构倾角为45°时，氮化硅颗粒平均球形度最佳为0.72，能够有效提高氮化硅颗粒混合效果。Abstract: To solve the problems of poor mixing effect and poor sphericity for the silicon nitride particles in the dry granulation chamber, the influence of the inclination parameters for the open turbine typed axial‒radial combined structure on the mixing effect of silicon nitride particles prepared by dry method was studied. The mathematical model of Eulerian‒Eulerian gas‒solid two phase flow was established, and the physical model of the axial‒diameter combined structure granulation chamber was simplified. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to analyze the volume distribution and velocity field of silicon nitride particles in granulation chamber in the axial structure under the different inclined angles. The sphericity of silicon nitride particles was tested by experiments, and the accuracy of numerical simulation results was verified. The numerical analysis results show that, when the inclination angle is 45°, the volume fraction of silicon nitride particles is 0.3~0.7 (accounting for 28%), showing the better circulating fluidity and the best mixing effect, compared with the inclination angle of 30° and 60°. The experimental results show that, the best average sphericity of the silicon nitride particles is 0.72 when the inclination angle of the axis‒diameter combined structure is 45°, which can effectively improve the mixing effect of silicon nitride particles.
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图 1 开启涡轮式轴‒径组合结构制粒室模拟区域简化示意图
Figure 1. Simplified schematic diagram of the granulation chamber in the simulation area for the open turbine typed axial‒radial combined structure
图 2 不同倾斜角度下制粒室轴向结构示意图：（a）30°；（b）45°；（c）60°
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the axial structure in the granulation chamber at the different inclination angles: (a) 30°; (b) 45°; (c) 60°
图 3 开启涡轮式组合结构边界条件设置示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the boundary condition setting for the open turbine combined structure
图 4 网格划分示意图：（a）静计算区域；（b）动计算区域
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the grid division: (a) static calculation area; (b) dynamic calculation area
图 5 氮化硅颗粒体积分数轴向分布云图：（a）30°；（b）45°；（c）60°
Figure 5. Axial cloud distribution of the Si3N4 particles volume fraction: (a) 30°; (b) 45°; (c) 60°
图 6 氮化硅颗粒体积分数径向分布云图：（a）30°；（b）45°；（c）60°
Figure 6. Radial cloud distribution of the Si3N4 particles volume fraction: (a) 30°; (b) 45°; (c) 60°
图 7 氮化硅颗粒速度轴向云图与速度矢量图：（a）30°；（b）45°；（c）60°
Figure 7. Axial cloud diagram and velocity vector diagram of the silicon nitride particles: (a) 30°; (b) 45°; (c) 60°
图 8 氮化硅颗粒速度径向云图与速度矢量图：（a）30°；（b）45°；（c）60°
Figure 8. Radial cloud diagram and velocity vector diagram of the silicon nitride particles: (a) 30°; (b) 45°; (c) 60°
图 10 不同倾角参数氮化硅颗粒显微形貌：（a）30°；（b）45°；（c）60°
Figure 10. SEM images of the silicon nitride particles with the different inclination parameters: (a) 30°; (b) 45°; (c) 60°
表 1 制粒室几何参数
Table 1. Geometric parameter of the granulation chamber
L1 / mm L2 / mm D1 / mm D2 / mm D3 / mm D4 / mm 300 200 ϕ235 ϕ128 ϕ8 ϕ30 
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表 2 实验用料配比（质量分数）
Table 2. Experimental composition of the raw materials
% 实验原料 造粒添加剂 Si3N4（细粉） Si3N4（微粉） 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 聚乙烯醇 聚丙烯酰胺 海藻酸钠 水 50 50 6 3 5 6 5 75
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表 3 轴‒径组合结构倾角与球形度关系
Table 3. Relationship between the inclination angle and sphericity of the axial‒radial combined structure
角度 / (°) 球形度 30 0.57 45 0.72 60 0.43
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