Microstructure and mechanical properties of nanoscale xSiC/Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys by solid phase synthesis
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摘要: 通过固相合成的方法制备纳米级SiC颗粒增强Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金，研究了SiC颗粒质量分数对Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着SiC颗粒质量分数的提高，SiC颗粒分布状态变得更团聚，产生了明显的钉扎作用，具有显著细化晶粒的效果。SiC颗粒附近区域产生了大量位错，为添加质量分数2.0%SiC颗粒的Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金再结晶形核提供有利条件，促进晶粒细化。提高SiC颗粒质量分数，合金硬度增大，加入质量分数2.0%SiC颗粒时，合金获得了最高硬度（HV 82）。提高SiC颗粒质量分数，降低了合金裂纹数量，SiC颗粒和Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金发生界面脱粘现象，形成裂纹源并引起断裂。提高SiC颗粒质量分数能够使合金获得更高的强度与伸长率。Abstract: The Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys reinforced by the nanoscale SiC particles were prepared by solid phase synthesis, and the effect of SiC particle mass fraction on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys was investigated. The results show that, the distribution of SiC particles becomes more uniform with the increase of SiC particle mass fraction, which results in the significant napping and grain refinement. A large number of dislocations occur in the vicinity of SiC particles in the Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys doped by SiC particles in the mass fraction of 2.0%, which provide the favorable conditions for the recrystallization nucleation and promote the grain refinement. Increasing the SiC particle mass fraction can increase the hardness of alloys. When the SiC particle mass fraction is 2.0%, the Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys achieve the maximum hardness as HV 82. When the SiC particle mass fraction is increased, the number of cracks is reduced, the interface between the SiC particles and Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys is de-bonded, the crack source is formed, and the fracture is caused. The higher SiC particle mass fraction can make the alloys obtain the higher strength and elongation.
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图 2 添加不同质量分数SiC颗粒Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金显微形貌：（a）0；（b）0.5%；（c）1.0%；（d）2.0%
Figure 2. SEM images of the Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys doped by SiC particles in different mass fraction: (a) 0; (b) 0.5%; (c) 1.0%; (d) 2.0%
图 3 添加不同质量分数SiC颗粒Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金显微形貌（a）、能谱分析（b）及线扫描结果（c）
Figure 3. SEM image (a), energy spectrum analysis (b), and line scan results (c) of the Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys doped by SiC particles in different mass fraction
图 4 添加质量分数2.0%SiC颗粒Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金透射电子显微形貌
Figure 4. Transmission electron microscope images of the Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys doped by SiC particles in the mass fraction of 2.0%
图 5 添加不同质量分数SiC颗粒Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金断口显微形貌：（a）0；（b）0.5%；（c）1.0%；（d）2.0%
Figure 5. Fracture SEM images of the Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys doped by SiC particles in different mass fraction: (a) 0%; (b) 0.5%; (c) 1.0%; (d) 2.0%
表 1 SiC颗粒物理性能
Table 1. Physical properties of the SiC particles
密度 / (g∙cm‒3) 熔点 / K 弹性模量 / GPa 热膨胀系数 / (106·K‒1) 导热系数 / (W∙m‒1∙K‒1) 纯度 / % 平均粒度 / μm 3.25 2650 420 4.5 100～200 99.5 50 
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表 2 添加不同质量分数SiC颗粒Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金平均晶粒尺寸
Table 2. Average grain size of the Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys doped by SiC particles in different mass fraction
SiC颗粒质量分数 / % 0 0.5 1.0 2.0 平均粒径 / μm 35.6 28.6 26.5 21.4
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表 3 添加不同质量分数SiC颗粒Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金维氏硬度
Table 3. Vickers hardness of the Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys doped by SiC particles in different mass fraction
SiC颗粒质量分数 / % 0 0.5 1.0 2.0 硬度，HV 62.6 69.2 76.1 82.8
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表 4 添加不同质量分数SiC颗粒Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y合金强度及伸长率
Table 4. Strength and elongation of the Mg‒5.5Zn‒0.1Y alloys doped by SiC particles in different mass fraction
SiC颗粒质量分数 / % σb / MPa σ0.2 / MPa δ / % 0 246 166 3.84 0.5 263 182 6.52 1.0 281 196 7.25 2.0 294 208 8.33
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