Effect of surface treatment on powder injection molding performance of 316L stainless steel powders
-
摘要: 以聚乙二醇/环氧树脂（PEG-EP）为粉末表面改性剂，聚甲醛系树脂（POM）为粘结剂体系，混炼制备316L不锈钢粉末注射成型喂料，并通过硝酸催化脱脂后烧结得到316L烧结样品。通过傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、接触角测量仪、旋转流变仪、万能材料试验机、金相显微镜、碳硫分析仪、显微硬度计等研究了PEG-EP对316L不锈钢粉末的包覆效果以及PEG-EP表面处理对316L不锈钢粉末注射成型喂料和烧结样品性能的影响。结果表明，PEG-EP成功包覆在316L粉末表面，改善了316L不锈钢粉末与聚甲醛的界面相容性，提高了喂料流动的性能、生坯的力学性能和烧结样品的力学性能及硬度。当添加PEG-EP质量分数为0.662%、粉末装载量（体积分数）为63%时，316L注射生坯的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度分别为10.57 MPa、8.38%、21.24 N·(mm2)−1；烧结样品晶粒尺寸为50.8 μm，最大抗拉强度和维氏硬度为688 MPa和HV 151，烧结样品的综合性能最佳。Abstract: The 316L stainless steel powder injection molding feedstock was prepared by melt mixing with polyethylene glycol/epoxy resin (PEG-EP) as the powder surface modifier and polyformaldehyde resin (POM) as the binder system. The sintered 316L samples were obtained by nitric acid catalytic degreasing and sintering. The encapsulation effect of PEG-EP on 316L stainless steel powders and the influence of PEG-EP surface treatment on the properties of 316L stainless steel powder injection molding feedstock and the sintered specimens were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, scanning electron microscope, contact angle measuring instrument, rotary rheometer, universal material tester, metallographic microscope, carbon-sulfur analyzer, and microhardness meter. The results show that, PEG-EP are successfully coated on the surface of 316L steel powders, which improves the interface compatibility between 316L stainless steel powders and POM and enhances the feedstock fluidity, the mechanical properties of raw billets, and the mechanical properties and hardness of the sintered samples. When the PEG-EP mass fraction is 0.662% and the powder loading (volume fraction) is 63%, the tensile strength, fracture elongation, and bending strength of the 316L injection raw billets are 10.57 MPa, 8.38 %, and 21.24 N·(mm2)−1, respectively. The grain size, the maximum tensile strength, and the Vickers hardness of the sintered sample are 50.8 μm, 688 MPa, and 151 HV, respectively, leading to the best comprehensive performance.
-
图 1 表面处理、粉末注射成型喂料及烧结试样制备流程
Figure 1. Preparation process of the surface treatment, powder injection molding feeding, and sintering samples
图 2 添加不同质量分数PEG-EP表面处理的316L粉末红外光谱
Figure 2. Infrared spectra of the 316L powders treated by PEG-EP with the different mass fraction
图 3 添加不同质量分数PEG-EP表面处理的316L粉末POM热接触角
Figure 3. Thermal contact angle of POM for the 316L powders treated by PEG-EP with the different mass fraction
图 4 添加不同质量分数PEG-EP表面处理的316L粉末对注射成型喂料流变性能的影响
Figure 4. Effect of 316L powders treated by PEG-EP with the different mass fraction on the rheological properties of injection molding feed
图 5 添加不同质量分数PEG-EP表面处理的316L粉末生坯力学性能
Figure 5. Green mechanical properties of the 316L powders treated by PEG-EP with the different mass fraction
图 6 添加不同质量分数PEG-EP表面处理的316L粉末生坯断面显微形貌
Figure 6. SEM images of the 316L powder green section of treated by PEG-EP with the different mass fraction
图 7 添加不同质量分数PEG-EP表面处理的316L粉末烧结试样残碳量
Figure 7. Residual carbon content of the 316L powder sintered samples treated by PEG-EP with the different mass fraction
图 8 添加不同质量分数PEG-EP表面处理的316L粉末烧结试样力学性能
Figure 8. Mechanical properties of the 316L powder sintered samples treated by PEG-EP with the different mass fraction
图 9 添加不同质量分数PEG-EP表面处理的316L粉末烧结试样维氏硬度
Figure 9. Vickers hardness of the 316L powder sintered samples treated by PEG-EP with the different mass fraction
-
[1] Li L J, Li Y M, Deng Z Y. Metal powder injection molding production equipment and its development trend. Mater Sci Eng Powder Metall, 2004(3): 212李流军, 李益民, 邓忠勇. 金属粉末注射成形生产设备及其发展趋势. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程, 2004(3): 212 [2] Aslam M, Ahmad F, Yusoff P S, et al. Investigation of boron addition on densification and cytotoxicity of powder injection molded 316L stainless steel dental materials. Arabian J Sci Eng, 2016, 41(11): 4669 doi: 10.1007/s13369-016-2224-1 [3] Abdullah A A, Norita H, Azlina H N, et al. Preparation of SS316L MIM feedstock with biopolymer as a binder. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng, 2018, 290(1): 012076 [4] He Y Q, Chen Z H, Chen Z G. The principle and development trend of metal powder injection molding. J Mater Sci Eng, 2013(2): 165贺毅强, 陈振华, 陈志钢. 金属粉末注射成形的原理与发展趋势. 材料科学与工程学报, 2013(2): 165 [5] Wang C S, Liu Y, Hu J Q. The influence of binder content on the flow properties of metal feeds. China Rubber Ind, 2017, 64(7): 431汪传生, 刘营, 胡纪全. 粘结剂含量对金属喂料流动性能的影响. 橡胶工业, 2017, 64(7): 431 [6] Hnatkova E, Hausnerova B, Hales A, et al. Processing of MIM feedstocks based on Inconel 718 powder and partially water-soluble binder varying in PEG molecular weight. Powder Technol, 2017, 322: 439 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.09.029 [7] Hayat M D, Goswami A, Matthews S, et al. Modification of PEG/PMMA binder by PVP for titanium metal injection moulding. Powder Technol, 2017, 315: 243 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.04.004 [8] Muhammad D H, Jadhav P P, Zhang H, et al. Improving titanium injection moulding feedstock based on PEG/PPC based binder system. Powder Technol, 2018, 330: 304 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.02.043 [9] Liu W, Xie Z, Jia C. Surface modification of ceramic powders by titanate coupling agent for injection molding using partially water soluble binder system. J Eur Ceram Soc, 2012, 32(5): 1001 doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.11.017 [10] Liu C, Kong X J, Wu S W, et al. Research on powder injection molding of Ti6Al4V alloys for biomedical application. Powder Metall Technol, 2018, 36(3): 217刘超, 孔祥吉, 吴胜文, 等. 生物医用Ti6Al4V合金粉末注射成形工艺研究. 粉末冶金技术, 2018, 36(3): 217 [11] Zhou W Z, Zhu J, Li Z, et al. Effects of FeCrBSi pre-alloyed powder on sintering properties of 316L stainless steel by metal injection molding. Powder Metall Technol, 2018, 36(4): 243周晚珠, 朱杰, 李志, 等. FeCrBS预合金粉末对金属注射成形316L不锈钢烧结性能的影响. 粉末冶金技术, 2018, 36(4): 243 [12] Zhu H Y. Preparation and Application of a New Polyaldehyde-Based Binder for Metal Powder Injection Molding [Dissertation]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2017朱海洋. 金属粉末注射成型用新型聚醛基粘结剂的制备及应用[学位论文]. 合肥: 合肥工业大学, 2017 [13] Dou Y K. 316L Stainless Steel Metal Injection Molding Process and Performance Research [Dissertation]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2016豆亚坤. 316L不锈钢金属注射成形工艺及性能研究[学位论文]. 合肥: 合肥工业大学, 2016 [14] Thavanayagam G, Pickering K L, Swan J E, et al. Analysis of rheological behaviour of titanium feedstocks formulated with a water-soluble binder system for powder injection moulding. Powder Technol, 2015, 269: 227 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.09.020 [15] Zhu H Z, Tian C L, He L H. Development and performance study of non-ionic waterborne epoxy resin emulsion. New Chem Mater, 2016(11): 226朱洪洲, 田春玲, 何丽红. 非离子型水性环氧树脂乳液的研制及性能研究. 化工新型材料, 2016(11): 226 [16] Zheng W, Zhu J W, Zhou C. Preparation and performance study of self-emulsifying non-ionic epoxy resin. China Plast, 2017, 285(12): 28郑帼, 朱佳文, 周存. 自乳化非离子型环氧树脂的制备及性能研究. 中国塑料, 2017, 285(12): 28 [17] Liu Y, Zhou T, Chen Z, et al. Crystallization behavior and toughening mechanism of poly (ethylene oxide) in polyoxymethylene/poly (ethylene oxide) crystalline/crystalline blends. Polym Adv Technols, 2014, 25(7): 760 doi: 10.1002/pat.3307 [18] Wen J X, Xie Z P, Cao W B. Novel fabrication of more homogeneous water-soluble binder system feedstock by surface modification of oleic acid. Ceram Int, 2016: 15530 [19] Li C L, Mei Q S, Li J Y, et al. Hall-Petch relations and strengthening of Al-ZnO composites in view of grain size relative to interparticle spacing. Scr Mater, 2018, 153: 27 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.04.042 [20] Gao X L, Xia T D, Wang X J. Present research status for metals refinement methods. Met Funct Mater, 2009, 16(6): 60高晓龙, 夏天东, 王晓军. 金属晶粒细化方法的研究现状. 金属功能材料, 2009, 16(6): 60 [21] Liu Q, Tang J L. Influence of carbon addition on grain refinement of magnesium-aluminum alloys. Foundry Technol, 2008, 29(11): 1498刘倩, 唐靖林. 碳对镁铝合金晶粒细化影响的研究. 铸造技术, 2008, 29(11): 1498 -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 197
- HTML全文浏览量: 41
- PDF下载量: 86
- 被引次数: 0
