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摘要: 采用氢化脱氢（hydrogenation-dehydrogenation，HDH）工艺制备不规则形状Nb521合金粉末，结合流化技术将氢化脱氢粉末进行改性处理，改善粉末球形度及流动性，所制流化Nb521合金粉末基本满足3D打印的工艺要求。通过X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction，XRD）分析、扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope，SEM）观察、粒度分析、化学分析等手段，对粉末形貌、粒度分布、间隙元素含量、球形率以及流动性等特性进行表征。结果表明，经流化处理后，不规则形状的氢化脱氢Nb521合金粉末粒度分布变窄，球形率和流动性均得到显著提高，杂质元素含量得到有效控制，3D打印过程中的铺粉效果良好。Abstract: The irregular-shaped hydrogenation-dehydrogenation (HDH) Nb521 alloy powders were modified by fluidization to improve the sphericity and flowability in this study. The fluidized Nb521 powders basically met the requirements of 3D printing. The powder morphology, particle size distribution, interstitial element content, sphericity, and flowability were characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), particle size analysis, and chemical analysis. The results show that, the particle size distribution of the irregular-shaped HDH Nb521 alloy powders becomes narrow after the fluidization, the sphericity and flowability are significantly improved, while the impurity level is effectively controlled. The spreading performance of the fluidized Nb521 powders during 3D printing exhibits quite well.
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Key words:
- Nb521 alloys /
- 3D printing /
- hydrogenation dehydrogenation /
- powder modification /
- flowability
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图 1 粉体流化改性工艺示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the powder modification by fluidization
图 2 600 ℃流化改性处理前后氢化脱氢Nb521合金粉末的显微形貌：（a）流化改性处理前；（b）、（c）、（d）流化改性处理后
Figure 2. SEM images of the HDH Nb521 alloys powders before and after fluidizing at 600 ℃: (a) before fluidizing; (b), (c), and (d) after fluidizing
图 3 流化改性处理前后氢化脱氢Nb521合金粉末X射线衍射图谱
Figure 3. XRD patterns of the HDH Nb521 alloys powders before and after fluidizing
图 4 原料粉末和不同温度流化处理后粉末的粒度分布
Figure 4. Particle size distributions of the raw powders and powders after fluidizing at different temperatures
图 5 粉体流化改性原理示意图
Figure 5. Principle schematic diagram of the powder modification by fluidization
图 6 粉末装填性和铺展性分析：（a）氢化脱氢原料粉末；（b）450 ℃流化处理后粉末
Figure 6. Powder packing performance and spreadability: (a) HDH raw powders; (b) powders after fluidizing at 450 ℃
图 7 氢化脱氢原料粉末（a）和流化粉末（b）在3D打印过程中的铺展性能
Figure 7. Powder spreading performance during 3D printing for the HDH raw powders (a) and fluidized powders (b)
表 1 氢化脱氢原料粉末和不同温度流化处理粉末粒度
Table 1. Particle size of the HDH raw powders and the powders after fluidizing at different temperatures
类别 流化温度 / ℃ D10 / μm D50 / μm D90 / μm 氢化脱氢原料粉末 — 9.1 29.6 68.1 流化粉末 450 14.9 35.5 69.2 500 20.9 40.0 72.6 600 23.0 41.9 73.7 
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表 2 氢化脱氢原料粉末和流化粉末间隙元素质量分数
Table 2. Interstitial element mass fraction of the HDH raw powders and fluidized powders
% 类别 O H N C 氢化脱氢原料粉末 0.26 0.009 0.021 0.012 流化粉末 0.22 0.008 0.021 0.012
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