Research progress on deposition mechanism of ceramic metallization by cold spraying
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摘要: 陶瓷与金属由于在热膨胀系数上的差异，导致在热加工后结合强度较差。冷喷涂是一种新型绿色环保的表面涂层和增材制造技术，其优点是结合强度较高，对基体热影响小，残余应力为压应力，能够直接在陶瓷表面制备结合力较高的金属涂层，是一种潜在的陶瓷金属化技术。本文综述了国内外冷喷涂陶瓷金属化技术的研究进展和技术现状，着重介绍了冷喷涂陶瓷金属化涂层的组织结构特点和工艺优化方案，分析了金属陶瓷界面的两种结合现象和结合机理，并展望了冷喷涂陶瓷金属化技术的应用设想。Abstract: The difference in thermal expansion coefficient between ceramics and metals results in poor bonding strength after heat processing. Cold spraying (CS) is a new and green surface coating and additive manufacturing technology with the advantages as high bonding strength, little thermal impact on substrates, and residual compressive stress. The cold spraying is recognized as a potential ceramic metallization method because it can be employed to fabricate the metallic coatings on the ceramics directly with the relatively high bonding strength. The research progress and technical status of the cold spray ceramic metallization technology at home and abroad were reviewed in this article, the microstructure characteristics and process optimization were analyzed, the bonding phenomena and mechanisms of coatings were discussed, and the application potential and challenge of the cold spray ceramic metallization technology were summarized.
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Key words:
- cold spray /
- ceramic /
- surface metallization /
- bonding mechanism
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图 9 冷喷Al涂层与AlN单晶界面组织结构（a），Al晶粒选区电子衍射图（b），AlN基体选区电子衍射图（c），Al和AlN之间取向关系模拟衍射图（d）[62]
Figure 9. Interface microstructure of the cold sprayed Al film and AlN single-crystalline substrate (a), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns taken near the interface of the Al crystallite (b), SAED patterns taken near the interface of the AlN substrate (c), orientation relationship between Al and AlN given as the simulated diffraction patterns (d)[62]
表 1 冷喷涂陶瓷金属化结合机理研究文献汇总
Table 1. Bonding mechanisms of the cold sprayed ceramic metallization coatings
作者 年份 粉末 基体 结合机理 结合强度 / MPa 文献 Imbriglio等 2019 Ti Al2O3 化学结合，机械结合 250.0 [67] Wüstefeld等 2017 Al AlN 异质外延，机械结合 42.0 [62] Qin等 2021 Al Al2O3 机械结合，化学结合 29.6 [68] Drehmann等 2018 Al SiC 机械结合 27.0 [71] Kromer等 2018 Al Al2O3 机械结合 20.0 [72] Kromer等 2018 Cu Al2O3 机械结合 19.0 [72] Drehmann等 2018 Al Si3N4 机械结合 18.0 [71] Kromer等 2018 Ti SiC 机械结合 17.0 [72] Drehmann等 2018 Al MgF2 机械结合 15.0 [71] Drehmann等 2014，2018 Al Al2O3 异质外延，机械结合 12.0 [69,71] Ko等 2016 Cu AlN 化学结合，机械结合 — [63] Ko等 2016 Al ZrO2 化学结合，机械结合 — [63] King等 2007～2008，2010 Al PZT — — [74‒76] Rafaja等 2009 Ti Al2O3 异质外延，机械结合 — [64] 
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