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钼合金粉末冶金研究进展

张强,  蔡永丰,  李晓静,  刘赫雄,  张楠,  周文元,  赖陈,  董丽然,  王金淑

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文章导航 > 粉末冶金技术  > 2023 >  41(1): 44-54
张强, 蔡永丰, 李晓静, 刘赫雄, 张楠, 周文元, 赖陈, 董丽然, 王金淑. 钼合金粉末冶金研究进展[J]. 粉末冶金技术, 2023, 41(1): 44-54. doi: 10.19591/j.cnki.cn11-1974/tf.2022070002
引用本文: 张强, 蔡永丰, 李晓静, 刘赫雄, 张楠, 周文元, 赖陈, 董丽然, 王金淑. 钼合金粉末冶金研究进展[J]. 粉末冶金技术, 2023, 41(1): 44-54. doi: 10.19591/j.cnki.cn11-1974/tf.2022070002
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ZHANG Qiang, CAI Yongfeng, LI Xiaojing, LIU Hexiong, ZHANG Nan, ZHOU Wenyuan, LAI Chen, DONG Liran, WANG Jinshu. Research progress of molybdenum alloys prepared by powder metallurgy[J]. Powder Metallurgy Technology, 2023, 41(1): 44-54. doi: 10.19591/j.cnki.cn11-1974/tf.2022070002
Citation: ZHANG Qiang, CAI Yongfeng, LI Xiaojing, LIU Hexiong, ZHANG Nan, ZHOU Wenyuan, LAI Chen, DONG Liran, WANG Jinshu. Research progress of molybdenum alloys prepared by powder metallurgy[J]. Powder Metallurgy Technology, 2023, 41(1): 44-54. doi: 10.19591/j.cnki.cn11-1974/tf.2022070002
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钼合金粉末冶金研究进展

doi: 10.19591/j.cnki.cn11-1974/tf.2022070002
  • 1.

    北京工业大学材料与制造学部, 北京 100124

  • 2.

    香港大学机械工程系, 中国香港 999077

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（52130407）
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    E-mail: laichen1990@163.com (赖陈)

    lrdong@hku.hk (董丽然)

    wangjsh@bjut.edu.cn (王金淑)

  • 中图分类号: TG142.71

Research progress of molybdenum alloys prepared by powder metallurgy

  • 1.

    Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

  • 2.

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

More Information

    摘要
  • 摘要: 钼及其合金具有优异的高温力学性能，被广泛应用于冶金、机械、化工、航空和核工业等领域。粉末冶金是钼合金的主要制备方法。通过固溶强化、第二相强化、细晶强化等多种强化手段可以提高钼合金的力学性能，从而拓宽钼合金的应用范围。本文介绍了粉末冶金制备钼合金的研究进展，包括粉体制备方法、压制工艺及坯体烧结工艺等，讨论了钼合金的强韧化方法及其机理，并展望了粉末冶金法制备钼合金的发展方向，以期对钼合金的设计和制备提供一些思路。
    Abstract: Molybdenum and molybdenum alloys prepared by the powder metallurgy method are widely used in metallurgy, machinery, chemical industry, aviation and nuclear industry, attributing to the outstanding mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. The mechanical properties of molybdenum alloys can be improved by solid-solution strengthening, second phase strengthening, fine grain strengthening, and other strengthening methods, broadening the application of molybdenum alloys. The research progress of molybdenum alloys prepared by powder metallurgy was introduced in this paper, including the powder preparation method, pressing process, and bulk sintering process. Moreover, the methods and mechanisms of strengthening and toughening for the molybdenum alloys were discussed in details. Finally, the development direction of molybdenum alloys prepared by powder metallurgy method was prospected to provide some ideas for the design and preparation of the molybdenum alloys.
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  • 图  1  TiC和ZrC质量分数对合金室温抗拉强度的影响[54]

    Figure  1.  Effect of the mass fraction of TiC and ZrC on tensile strength of the alloys at room temperature[54]

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  2  La2O3质量分数对钼合金屈服强度的影响[16]

    Figure  2.  Effect of La2O3 mass fraction on the yield strength of molybdenum alloys[16]

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  3  细晶强化机制示意图[55]

    Figure  3.  Schematic diagram of the fine-grained strengthening mechanism[55]

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  4  霍尔佩奇公式中晶粒尺寸和强度的关系[56]

    Figure  4.  Relationship of grain size and strength in Hall-Petch equation[56]

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  5  钼合金强化贡献的计算[57]

    Figure  5.  Calculated strengthening contribution of the Mo‒La2O3 alloys[57]

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    表  1  钼合金的性能和应用

    Table  1.   Properties and applications of the molybdenum alloys

    合金种类主要性能产品或应用
    二元系合金Mo‒Cu导电导热性好、加工性好电子封装材料、电触头材料、散热器
    Mo‒W高温强度高、耐腐蚀锌冶炼炉耐蚀部件
    Mo‒Re低温延展性好热离子交换器、电子元器件
    Mo‒Ti高温强度高、抗蠕变性好航天结构材料、大功率陶瓷管栅极
    Mo‒Zr再结晶温度、高温强度高、蠕变速率低航天结构材料、核工业材料
    Mo‒Hf再结晶温度、高温强度高航天结构材料、核工业材料
    Mo‒Si高温强度高、抗蠕变性好飞机和航空航天工业高温应用
    Mo‒Al2O3高温强度高、再结晶温度高高温喷嘴喷管、穿孔不锈钢管的钼顶头
    Mo‒Ni耐腐蚀合金靶材、常用于酸性环境下
    Mo‒Na耐火度高、高温抗蠕变性能好旋转溅射管形靶材、高温炉板料
    ODS‒Mo高温强度高、抗蠕变性好电源灯丝、核工业材料、电极、坩埚
    多元系合金TZM高温强度高、抗蠕变性好电子管栅极材料、压铸模具
    MHC高温强度高、抗蠕变性好火箭助推器、烧结舟皿
    ZHM高温强度高、低温延展性好高温合金的等温铸造模具
    MWH强度、硬度高、高温性能好、抗烧蚀火箭高温构件、电子管的灯丝、零件
    Mo‒Si‒Al‒K再结晶温度高、塑性好灯脚、芯线丝和支架丝
    Mo‒Si‒B力学性能好、抗氧化飞机和航空航天工业高温应用
    Mo‒W‒Cu高强度、 耐高温和抗烧蚀燃气舵、喉衬等耐烧蚀部件
    注：MHC指Mo‒Hf‒C合金，成分是Mo‒1.2Hf‒0.005C；ZHM指Mo‒Hf‒Zr‒C合金，成分是Mo‒0.5Zr‒1.5Hf‒0.2C；MWH指Mo‒W‒Hf‒C合金，成分是Mo‒23.72W‒1.2Hf‒0.08C。
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-08-19
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