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摘要: 以新型镍基粉末高温合金FGH4113A(WZ-A3)为研究对象,采用“真空感应熔炼+氩气雾化制粉+热等静压+热挤压+等温锻造”工艺路线制备全尺寸涡轮盘,系统研究了锻造态FGH4113A合金在不同热处理状态下的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明:FGH4113A合金全尺寸涡轮盘宏观形貌良好,微观晶粒组织细小均匀;经亚固溶热处理后,平均晶粒度ASTM 11~13级,室温和550 ℃的屈服强度分别为1249和1185 MPa,抗拉强度分别为1674和1656 MPa,断后伸长率分别为23.5%和19.5%,在温度700 ℃,应变范围0~0.8%,加载频率0.33 Hz条件下的疲劳寿命均值为35000周次;经过固溶热处理后,平均晶粒度ASTM 6~8级,700和800 ℃的屈服强度分别为1063和966 MPa,抗拉强度分别为1403和1112 MPa,断后伸长率分别为17.5%和12.0%,在温度800 ℃,应力330 MPa,蠕变伸长量0.2%条件下的蠕变寿命均值为384 h,在温度700 ℃,应力强度因子范围30 MPa·m0.5条件下的裂纹扩展速率小于5×10−4 mm·cycle−1。Abstract: A novel nickel-based powder metallurgy superalloy FGH4113A (WZ-A3) was used to manufacture the full-size turbine disks by the process route of “vacuum induction melting + argon atomization + hot isostatic pressing + hot extrusion + isothermal forging”. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the forged FGH4113A alloys under the different heat treatment conditions were systematically studied. The results show that, the full-size turbine disks prepared by FGH4113A alloy have the good macro morphology and homogeneous grain structure. After the subsolvus heat treatment, the average grain size is ASTM 11~13, the yield strength at room temperature and 550 ℃ are 1249 and 1185 MPa, the tensile strength are 1674 and 1656 MPa, and the elongation after fracture are 23.5% and 19.5%, respectively. The mean fatigue life under the conditions of temperature 700 ℃, strain range 0~0.8% and loading frequency 0.33 Hz is 35000 cycles. After the supersolvus heat treatment, the average grain size is ASTM 6~8, the yield strength at 700 ℃ and 800 ℃ are 1063 and 966 MPa, the tensile strength are 1403 and 1112 MPa, and the elongation after fracture are 17.5% and 12.0%, respectively. The mean creep life under the conditions of temperature 800 ℃, stress 330 MPa and creep elongation 0.2% is 384 h. The crack propagation rate under the conditions of temperature 700 ℃ and stress intensity factor range 30 MPa·m0.5 is less than 5×10−4 mm·cycle−1.
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表 1 FGH4113A及几种典型镍基粉末高温合金的名义化学成分[9–13](质量分数)
Table 1. Chemical composition of FGH4113A and the several typical Ni-based PM superalloys[9–13]
% 合金 Co Cr Mo W Al Ti Nb Ta Hf、Zr、B、C Ni FGH4113A 19.0 13.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.7 1.2 1.0 微量 余量 RR1000 18.5 15.0 5.0 — 3.0 3.6 — 1.9 微量 余量 René104 (ME3) 20.7 12.8 3.8 2.0 3.4 3.7 0.9 2.3 微量 余量 LSHR 20.4 12.5 2.7 4.3 3.5 3.5 1.5 1.6 微量 余量 FGH98 20.4 12.7 3.8 2.1 3.5 3.7 0.9 2.4 微量 余量 FGH99 20.0 13.0 2.7 4.3 3.6 3.5 1.5 1.6 微量 余量 ME501 18.0 12.0 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.5 4.8 微量 余量 Alloy A 23.4 13.6 3.0 1.6 2.9 4.0 — 3.8 微量 余量 Alloy B 23.3 13.5 3.0 1.6 2.9 4.0 1.6 3.7 微量 余量 TSNA-1 19.0 10.9 2.6 4.5 2.9 3.0 1.4 5.0 微量 余量 -
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