Preparation and performance of SUS430-Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6‒δ stainless steel-ceramic composite interconnect materials for solid oxide fuel cell
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摘要: 以SUS430不锈钢粉末和Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6−δ（SFM）陶瓷粉末为原料，通过成形烧结结合涂覆的方法制备了应用于固体氧化物燃料电池（solid oxide fuel cell，SOFC）的SUS430-SFM不锈钢-陶瓷复合连接体材料，并对SUS430和SUS430-SFM两种烧结体试样的显微组织、抗氧化性能和导电性能进行了分析。结果表明，SFM涂层与SUS430基体具有相匹配的热膨胀系数（thermal expansion coefficient，TEC），两者界面结合良好；在空气气氛中经800 ℃氧化140 h后，SUS430-SFM试样的氧化速率常数（K）约为3.66×10−14 g2∙cm−4∙s−1，比SUS430试样（2.42×10−14 g2∙cm−4∙s−1）降低了约50%，其面比电阻（area specific resistance，ASR）则由SUS430试样的81 mΩ∙cm2降至SUS430-SFM的2.6 mΩ∙cm2，说明SFM涂层能够有效改善SUS430不锈钢基体的抗氧化及导电性能。Abstract: The SUS430-Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6−δ (SUS430-SFM) stainless steel-ceramic composite connector materials for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) were prepared by a compaction-sintering-coating method, using SUS430 stainless powders and Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6−δ (SFM) ceramic powders as the raw materials. Microstructure, oxidation resistance, and electrical conductivity of the sintered SUS430 and SUS430-SFM samples were characterized. The results show that the SFM coating and the SUS430 substrate show a matching thermal expansion coefficient (TEC), and there is a good combination between the coating and the substrate. The oxidation rate constant of the SUS430-SFM sample is about 3.66×10−14 g2∙cm−4∙s−1 after oxidation at 800 ℃ for 140 h in air, which is about 50% lower than that of the SUS430 sample (2.42×10−14 g2∙cm−4∙s−1). The area specific resistance (ASR) of the SUS430-SFM sample also reduces from 81 mΩ∙cm2 (SUS430 sample) to 2.6 mΩ∙cm2. The present work indicates that the SFM coating can effectively improve the oxidation resistance and the electrical conductivity of the SUS430 stainless substrate.
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图 1 SUS430和SFM粉体X射线衍射谱图：（a）SUS430粉末；（b）SFM粉末
Figure 1. XRD patterns of the SUS430 and SFM powders: (a) SUS430 powders; (b) SFM powders
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图 2 SUS430和SFM粉体显微形貌及粒度分布曲线：（a）SUS430粉体；（b）SFM粉体
Figure 2. SEM images and the particle size distribution of the SUS430 and SFM powders: (a) SUS430 powders; (b) SFM powders
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图 3 SUS430和SUS430-SFM烧结体试样的表面微观形貌：（a）SUS430试样；（b）SUS430-SFM试样
Figure 3. Surface microtopography of the sintered SUS430 and SUS430-SFM samples: (a) SUS430 sample; (b) SUS430-SFM sample
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图 4 SUS430和SFM烧结体试样的ΔL/L随温度的变化
Figure 4. ΔL/L of the sintered SUS430 and SFM samples as a function of temperature
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图 5 SUS430-SFM试样界面显微形貌（a）和能谱分析面扫描图（（b）～（f））
Figure 5. SEM images (a) and EDS mapping ((b)~(f)) of the interface of SUS430-SFM samples
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图 6 SUS430和SUS430-SFM试样氧化增重与氧化时间的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between the oxidation weight gain of the SUS430 and SUS430-SFM samples as a function of oxidation time
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图 7 SUS430试样在空气中于800 ℃氧化140 h后的显微形貌（a）、X射线衍射谱图（b）和能谱分析（c）
Figure 7. SEM images (a), XRD patterns (b), and EDS mapping (c) of the SUS430 sample after oxidation at 800 ℃ in air for 140 h
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图 8 SUS430-SFM试样在空气中于800 ℃氧化140 h后显微形貌（a）、X射线衍射谱图（b）和能谱分析（c）
Figure 8. SEM images (a), XRD patterns (b), and EDS mapping (c) of the SUS430-SFM sample after oxidation at 800 ℃ in air for 140 h
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图 9 SUS430和SUS430-SFM试样在空气中于800 ℃氧化140 h后的面比电阻（ASR）
Figure 9. Area specific resistance (ASR) of the SUS430 and SUS430-SFM samples after oxidation in air for 140 h at 800 ℃
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图 10 实验ASR值与其他文献的对比
Figure 10. Comparison of ASR obtained in this paper with other literatures
表 1 实验用SUS430不锈钢粉末的化学成分（质量分数）
Table 1 Chemical composition of the SUS430 stainless steel powders in experimental
% Cr Mn Si C S Ni Fe 16.00～18.00 ≤1.00 ≤0.75 ≤0.12 ≥0.03 ≤0.60 余量 
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